What to Do if the qPCR Test for SARS-CoV-2 or Other Pathogen Lacks Endogenous Internal Control? A Simple Test on Housekeeping Genes.

Some of the products for the molecular diagnosis of infections do not have an endogenous internal control, and this is necessary to ensure that the result is not a false negative. The aim of the project was to design a simple low-cost RT-qPCR test that can confirm the expression of basic metabolism proteins, thus confirming the quality of genetic material for molecular diagnostic tests. Two successful equivalent qPCR assays for the detection of the GADPH and ACTB genes were obtained.

Large post-hysterectomy and post-radiation vesicovaginal fistulas: repair by ileocystoplasty.

Purpose: We devised a technique for simultaneous closure of large post-hysterectomy and post-radiation vesicovaginal fistulas, and augmentation of the concomitant shrunken bladder by ileocystoplasty as a 1-step procedure.

Materials And Methods: Between 1989 and 2000, 4 patients with large vesicovaginal fistulas after radical hysterectomy and radiotherapy for spinocellular cancer of the uterine cervix underwent fistula repair according to the technique described. The premise of utmost importance in the proposed technique is a healthy and not radiation damaged distal ileum.

[Computed tomographic staging of bladder tumors].

Cystoscopy plays a leading role in the diagnosis of bladder tumors. However, in filtration of the bladder wall in depth and the perivesical spreading remains a moot point. Computer tomography (CT) furnishes the opportunity for complex assessment of the stage of bladder tumors.