Hepatic Angiomyolipoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) is an uncommon primary liver tumor with limited reported cases in the literature. It is composed of varying amounts of fat, smooth muscle, and blood vessels, typically non-malignant proliferation. It usually presents diagnostic challenges due to diverse imaging characteristics.

Fluorescent Biosensor of CDK5 Kinase Activity in Glioblastoma Cell Extracts and Living Cells.

CDK5 plays a major role in neuronal functions, and is hyperactivated in neurodegenerative pathologies as well as in glioblastoma and neuroblastoma. Although this kinase constitutes an established biomarker and pharmacological target, there are few means of probing its activity in cell extracts or in living cells. To this aim a fluorescent peptide reporter of CDK5 kinase activity, derived from a library of CDK5-specific substrates, is engineered and its ability to respond to recombinant CDK5/p25 is established and CDK5 activity in glioblastoma cell extracts is reported on through sensitive changes in fluorescence intensity.

Electrochemical and optical investigation of dental pulp stem cell adhesion on modified porous silicon scaffolds.

Extensive use of porous silicon (PSi) for tissue engineering is due to its convenient properties as it is both nontoxic and bioresorbable. Moreover, PSi surface modification is an important step to enhance cell adhesion and proliferation. In this work, a combination of optical and electrochemical studies is performed to elaborate a suitable PSi multilayer substrate for cell culture.

The perverse impact of external reference pricing (ERP): a comparison of orphan drugs affordability in 12 European countries. A call for policy change.

: The study compared the relative cost differences of similar orphan drugs among high and low GDP countries in Europe: Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, UK. : Annual treatment costs per patient were calculated. Relative costs were computed by dividing the costs by each economic parameter: nominal GDP per capita, GDP in PPP per capita, % GDP contributed by the government, government budget per inhabitant, % GDP spent on healthcare, % GDP spent on pharmaceuticals, and average annual salary.

A comparative study of orphan drug prices in Europe.

: This study assessed price differences by comparing annual treatment costs of similarly available orphan drugs in France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and UK. : Annual treatment costs per drug were calculated using ex-factory prices from IHS POLI and country price databases. The treatment cost in the comparator country was compared to the UK and ratios were analysed.