Personalized bone organoid using iPSC-derived cells for clinically relevant applications.

Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-based modeling potentially recapitulates the pathology and mechanisms more faithfully than cell line models and general animal models. Utilizing iPSC-derived cells for personalized bone formation research offers a powerful tool to better understand the role of individual differences in bone health and disease and provide more precise information for personalized bone regeneration therapies. Here we generated iPSC-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPCs), endothelial cells (iECs), and macrophages (iMØ), from different donors.

Metformin Modulates Cell Oxidative Stress to Mitigate Corticosteroid-Induced Suppression of Osteogenesis in a 3D Model.

Background: Corticosteroids provide well-established therapeutic benefits; however, they are also accompanied by adverse effects on bone. Metformin is a widely used medication for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have highlighted additional therapeutic benefits of metformin, particularly concerning bone health and oxidative stress.

Quantification of Empty Lacunae in Tissue Sections of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Using YOLOv8 Artificial Intelligence Model.

Histomorphometry is an important technique in the evaluation of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Quantification of empty lacunae and pyknotic cells on histological images is the most reliable measure of ONFH pathology, yet it is time and manpower consuming. This study focused on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology to tissue image evaluation.

Assessing the Elasticity of the Flexor Pronator Muscles After Throwing Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography.

Background: The medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow joint is the primary restraint to valgus stress during the throwing motion. The flexor pronator muscles (FPMs) also stabilize the elbow joint against valgus forces; however, assessment of FPM stiffness in baseball players has been limited.

Purpose: To use ultrasound shear wave elastography (USWE) to evaluate the change in tissue elasticity of the FPMs due to pitching.

Leveraging AI models for lesion detection in osteonecrosis of the femoral head and T1-weighted MRI generation from radiographs.

This study emphasizes the importance of early detection of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in young patients on long-term glucocorticoid therapy, including those with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lupus, and other diagnoses. While X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are standard imaging methods for staging ONFH, MRI can be costly and time-consuming. The research focuses on utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the evaluation of radiographic images for ONFH detection.