Status epilepticus without impairment of consciousness: Long-term outcomes according to duration.

Objective: The point after which non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) can cause permanent damage remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between time to resolution and long-term outcomes in NCSE.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of all patients with focal NCSE without consciousness impairment at two tertiary care hospitals in Spain.

Incidence and mortality in adults with epilepsy in northern Spain.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the regional incidence and mortality of adult epilepsy, compare mortality rates with the expected in the general population, and identify predictors of shorter survival.

Materials And Methods: We included all consecutive newly diagnosed epilepsy visited at a university hospital in Spain throughout 2012. We collected all relevant clinical data up to December 2018.

How soon should urgent EEG be performed following a first epileptic seizure?

Purpose: Patients with a first unprovoked epileptic seizure are often seen in emergency services. Electroencephalography (EEG) is indicated for diagnosing epilepsy, but the optimal time to perform this test has not been defined. This study aimed to determine the time interval following a seizure within which EEG has the greatest diagnostic yield.

Exosomes as Hedgehog carriers in cytoneme-mediated transport and secretion.

The Hedgehog signalling pathway is crucial for development, adult stem cell maintenance, cell migration and axon guidance in a wide range of organisms. During development, the Hh morphogen directs tissue patterning according to a concentration gradient. Lipid modifications on Hh are needed to achieve graded distribution, leading to debate about how Hh is transported to target cells despite being membrane-tethered.

Cytonemes are required for the establishment of a normal Hedgehog morphogen gradient in Drosophila epithelia.

Hedgehog (Hh) signalling is important in development, stem cell biology and disease. In a variety of tissues, Hh acts as a morphogen to regulate growth and cell fate specification. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain morphogen movement, one of which is transport along filopodia-like protrusions called cytonemes.