Association of Proteasome Activity and Pool Heterogeneity with Markers Determining the Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Background: Proteasomes degrade intracellular proteins. Different proteasome forms were identified. Proteasome inhibitors are used in cancer therapy, and novel drugs directed to specific proteasome forms are developed.

Internalization of extracellular vesicles of cancer patients by peripheral blood mononuclear cells during polychemotherapy: connection with neurotoxicity.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), exhibiting their functional activity after internalization by recipient cells, are involved in the pathogenesis of drug-induced polyneuropathy (DIPN), a common complication of antitumor therapy. In this work, the internalization of EVs obtained from colorectal cancer patients undergoing polychemotherapy and its relationship with neurotoxicity were assessed using a model system of mononuclear leukocytes. Circulating EVs were isolated from 8 colorectal cancer patients who received antitumor therapy according to the FOLFOX or XELOX regimens before the start of chemotherapy (point 1) and after 3-4 courses (point 2).

A pilot study of the relative number of circulating tumor cells and leukocytes containing actin-binding proteins in head and neck cancer patients.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in tumor metastases, which is positively correlated with an increased risk of death. Actin-binding proteins, including cofilin (CFL1), profilin 1 (PFN1), and adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), are thought to be involved in tumor cell motility and metastasis, specifically in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, currently, there are no published studies on CFL1, PFN1, and CAP1 in CTCs and leukocytes in HNSCC patients.

The Composition of Small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) in the Blood Plasma of Colorectal Cancer Patients Reflects the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome and Correlates with Angiogenesis and the Effectiveness of Thermoradiation Therapy.

The majority of colorectal cancer patients (CRCPs) develop tumors on the background of "metabolically healthy obesity" or metabolic syndrome. The aim of the work was to study the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) on the surface of blood plasma CD9-positive and FABP4-positive small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from CRCPs depending on metabolic status and tumor angiogenesis, as well as to evaluate the sEVs markers as predictors of the effectiveness of thermoradiotherapy. In CRCPs, compared with patients with colorectal polyps (CPPs), the proportion of triple positive EVs and EVs with the MMP9+MMP2-TIMP1+ phenotype increased significantly among FABP4-positive EVs (adipocyte-derived EVs), which in general may indicate the overexpression of MMP9 and TIMP1 by adipocytes or adipose tissue macrophages in CRCPs.

Studies of the Antitumor Activity of Iodacetate in the Liposomal Form.

Metabolic reprogramming has become the new hallmark of cancer. Carbohydrate metabolism is a key component of metabolic transformations in tumors. To date, many therapeutic agents have been identified that target proteins and enzymes involved in glucose transport and metabolism, with promising results in cell culture studies and animal tumor models.