Long-term complications after facial, pharyngeal, laryngeal and tracheal traumas.

Unlabelled: Long-term complications after facial, pharyngeal, laryngeal and tracheal traumas.

Objective: To review and summarize the existing evidence for long-term anatomical and functional complications after pharyngeal, laryngeal and tracheal traumas.

Data Sources: The MEDLINE database and the bibliographies of relevant studies were selected, analysed and appraised prior to December 2015.