Biomechanical features of axial injuries to the lower limbs and to the pelvic ring by motor car collisions.

By frontal car collision, passengers are exposed, commonly, by dynamic deceleration force, applied to the lower limb and acting in the direction of the femoral shaft axis. This force could be transmitted from the foot, or from the knee to the hip joint, resulting in typical fractures of the femoral shaft, upper part of the femur as of the acetabulum. The authors have described radiological feature and three dimensional definition of these fractures as well as their ergonomic characteristics.

[Pre-arthrosis of the hip in the adult population].

In order to identify the presence of minor anatomical deformities responsible for the incongruity of the hip joint which causes the degenerative changes, the radiographies of the hips in 332 normal adults were reviewed. The deformities included the acetabular dysplasia and the tilt deformity of the femoral head as the residual condition of epiphyseolysis in adolescence. Using the Wiberg's CE angle acetabular dysplasia was found in 8.

The radiological appearance of appositional new bone on the medial part of the neck of the femur in coxarthrosis.

The X-rays of 448 hip joints with coxarthrosis (representing 304 patients) were examined. The majority (87.5%) showed appositional new bone formation on the medial part of the femoral neck in antero-posterior X-rays.

Transposition of the greater trochanter of the femur during growth.

The indications for surgical treatment of coxa vara were laid down in our establishment on the basis of biomechanical considerations and from 1963 to 1979, 52 transpositions of the greater trochanter were carried out during growth, i.e. at the age of 7-16 years.