Can the Abdominal Aortic Atherosclerotic Plaque Index Predict Functional Outcomes after Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy?

This study aims to evaluate the abdominal aortic atherosclerotic plaque index (API)'s predictive role in patients with pre-operatively or post-operatively developed chronic kidney disease (CKD) treated with robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). One hundred and eighty-three patients (134 with no pre- and post-operative CKD (no CKD) and 49 with persistent or post-operative CKD development (post-op CKD)) who underwent RAPN between January 2019 and January 2022 were deemed eligible for the analysis. The API was calculated using dedicated software by assessing the ratio between the CT scan atherosclerotic plaque volume and the abdominal aortic volume.

Parp Inhibitors and Radiotherapy: A New Combination for Prostate Cancer (Systematic Review).

PARPi, in combination with ionizing radiation, has demonstrated the ability to enhance cellular radiosensitivity in different tumors. The rationale is that the exposure to radiation leads to both physical and biochemical damage to DNA, prompting cells to initiate three primary mechanisms for DNA repair. Two double-stranded DNA breaks (DSB) repair pathways: (1) non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and (2) homologous recombination (HR); and (3) a single-stranded DNA break (SSB) repair pathway (base excision repair, BER).

Strategies to Re-Sensitize Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer to Antiandrogen Therapy.

Since prostate cancer (PCa) was described as androgen-dependent, the androgen receptor (AR) has become the mainstay of its systemic treatment: androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Although, through recent years, more potent drugs have been incorporated, this chronic AR signaling inhibition inevitably led the tumor to an incurable phase of castration resistance. However, in the castration-resistant status, PCa cells remain highly dependent on the AR signaling axis, and proof of it is that many men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) still respond to newer-generation AR signaling inhibitors (ARSis).

Three-dimensional Model-assisted Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

Context: Use of three-dimensional (3D) guidance for nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) has increased in popularity, especially for laparoscopic and robotic approaches. Different 3D visualization modalities have been developed as promising new tools for surgical planning and intraoperative navigation.

Objectives: To summarize and evaluate the impact of 3D models on minimally invasive NSS in terms of perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes.