Expansion of the Structure-Activity Relationship Profile of Triaminopyrimidines as Inhibitors of Caspase-1.

Caspase-1 is a sought-after therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions due to its role in activation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but there has been little success getting drugs into the clinic. We have previously shown triaminopyrimidines such as CK-1-41 are potent, reversible small molecule inhibitors of caspase-1, likely binding in an allosteric site within the enzyme. A series of analogs of CK-1-41 were synthesized and tested against caspase-1 to develop a more robust structure-activity relationship profile.

Adjunctive cariprazine for the treatment of major depressive disorder: Number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed.

Background: The number needed to treat (NNT) for efficacy and number needed to harm (NNH) for tolerability/safety were evaluated for adjunctive cariprazine in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: Data were extracted from five randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of adjunctive cariprazine in MDD. NNTs (response, remission, severity shift) and NNHs (discontinuations due to adverse events [AEs], AEs, laboratory shifts) were determined in dose groupings; likelihood to be helped/harmed (LHH) was calculated.

Estimating Air Change Rate in Mechanically Ventilated Classrooms Using a Single CO Sensor and Automated Data Segmentation.

With a growing emphasis on indoor air quality (IAQ) in educational environments, CO monitoring in classrooms has become commonplace. CO data can be used to estimate outdoor air change rate (ACH) based on the mass balance principle, which can be further linked to human health, performance, and building energy consumption. This study used a novel machine learning method to automatically segment CO concentration time series data into build-up, equilibrium, and decay periods, and then estimated classroom ACH using the corresponding CO mass balance equations.

Quality of life and its relation to periarticular bone changes in psoriatic patients with or without joint involvement.

Objectives: To assess periarticular bone changes in psoriasis patients with or without joint involvement and its effect on patients' quality of life (QoL).

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 50 patients with psoriasis (25 only with skin psoriasis (PsO) and 25 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA)), as well as 25 healthy controls. All participants were analyzed by high-resolution computed tomography (HR-CT) scans of the dominant hand (second and third metacarpophalangeal joints) for detection of new bone formation (enthesophytes) and erosions.

circRNAs (hsa_circ_00156, hsa_circ _000224, and hsa_circ _000520) are novel potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly validated type of noncoding RNAs recently found to be deregulated in several human cancers. More accurate and specific noninvasive biomarkers are strongly needed for better diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a bioinformatics analysis to retrieve a novel panel of circRNAs potentially relevant to HCC.