Pharmacogenetics is the study of therapeutic and adverse responses to drugs based on an individual's genetic background. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a rapidly evolving field in cancer therapy, however a number of newly developed and highly effective mAbs (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmgenomics Pers Med
August 2017
Clozapine (CZ) has superior efficacy to other antipsychotic agents in the treatment of schizophrenia and has been extensively used in clinical practice. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins are responsible for the distribution of various molecules as well as drugs across extracellular and intracellular membranes, including the blood-brain barrier. Genetic variations in these proteins can account for differences in treatment response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Biol Psychiatry
October 2017
An optimal clozapine serum level is required for both optimization of clinical response and minimization of troublesome or some of the life-threatening side effects. Serum levels can be influenced by comedication that can cause phenoconversion. When norclozapine/clozapine serum levels and ratios are consistently and significantly lower/higher than expected and there are no concomitant drugs that could account for these findings, further investigation of the genetic variants of CYP1A2, 2D6 and 3A4 are warranted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: We investigated a case of the unexpectedly high clozapine/norclozapine serum levels in a non-smoker, female patient.
Method: The RFLP genotype method was used for the loss-of-function CYP450 gene polymorphisms detection.
Results: The genotype revealed the presence of CYP2D6*41/*41, rs28371725, NM_000106.