Effect of annealing on the magnetic microstructure of high-pressure torsion iron: the relevance of higher-order contributions to the magnetic small-angle neutron scattering cross section.

The development of higher-order micromagnetic small-angle neutron scattering theory in nanocrystalline materials is still in its infancy. One key challenge remaining in this field is understanding the role played by the microstructure on the magnitude and sign of the higher-order scattering contribution recently observed in nanocrystalline materials prepared by high-pressure torsion. By combining structural and magnetic characterization techniques, namely X-ray diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction and magnetometry with magnetic small-angle neutron scattering, this work discusses the relevance of higher-order terms in the magnetic small-angle neutron scattering cross section of pure iron prepared by high-pressure torsion associated with a post-annealing process.

Magnetic nanoprecipitates and interfacial spin disorder in zero-field-annealed NiMnIn Heusler alloys as seen by magnetic small-angle neutron scattering.

Shell ferromagnetism is a new functional property of certain off-stoichiometric Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloys, with a potential application in non-volatile magnetic memories and recording media. One key challenge in this field remains the determination of the structural and magnetic properties of the nanoprecipitates that are the result of an annealing-induced segregation process. Thanks to its unique mesoscopic length scale sensitivity, magnetic small-angle neutron scattering appears to be a powerful technique to disclose the microstructure of such annealing-induced nanoprecipitates.

Making Full Use of Qualitative Data to Generate New Fish Product Ideas through Co-Creation with Consumers: A Methodological Approach.

Co-creation is a process that directly involves different stakeholders in the idea generation phase of a new product development process. A pool of 112 new aquaculture fish product ideas was obtained by applying a combination of creative and projective techniques to the co-creation process with consumers in six focus groups conducted in three European countries (Germany, France, and Spain). The subjectivity of qualitative data analysis (e.

Unraveling the magnetic softness in Fe-Ni-B-based nanocrystalline material by magnetic small-angle neutron scattering.

Magnetic small-angle neutron scattering is employed to investigate the magnetic interactions in (FeNi)B alloy, a HiB-NANOPERM-type soft magnetic nanocrystalline material, which exhibits an ultrafine microstructure with an average grain size below 10 nm. The neutron data reveal a significant spin-misalignment scattering which is mainly related to the jump of the longitudinal magnetization at internal particle-matrix interfaces. The field dependence of the neutron data can be well described by micromagnetic small-angle neutron scattering theory.