Triiodide Attacks the Organic Cation in Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites: Mechanism and Suppression.

Molecular I can be produced from iodide-based lead perovskites under thermal stress; triiodide, I , is formed from this I and I . Triiodide attacks protic cation MA - or FA -based lead halide perovskites (MA , methylammonium; FA , formamidinium) as explicated through solution-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies: triiodide has strong hydrogen-bonding affinity for MA or FA , which leads to their deprotonation and perovskite decomposition. Triiodide is a catalyst for this decomposition that can be obviated through perovskite surface treatment with thiol reducing agents.

Direct Synthesis of 1-Butanol with High Faradaic Efficiency from CO Utilizing Cascade Catalysis at a Ni-Enhanced (CrO)GaO Electrocatalyst.

Electrochemical transformation of CO into energy-dense liquid fuels provides a viable solution to challenges regarding climate change and nonrenewable resource dependence. Here, we report on the modification of a Cr-Ga oxide electrocatalyst through the introduction of nickel to generate a catalyst that generates 1-butanol at unprecedented faradaic efficiencies (ξ = 42%). This faradaic efficiency occurs at -1.

Formulation of pH-Responsive Methacrylate-Based Polyelectrolyte-Stabilized Nanoparticles for Applications in Drug Delivery.

pH-responsive polyelectrolytes, including methacrylate-based anionic copolymers (MACs), are widely used as enteric coatings and matrices in oral drug delivery. Despite their widespread use in these macroscopic applications, the molecular understanding of their use as stabilizers for nanoparticles (NPs) is lacking. Here, we investigate how MACs can be used to create NPs for therapeutic drug delivery and the role of MAC molecular properties on the assembly of NPs via flash nanoprecipitation.

Untying the Cesium "Not": Cesium-Iodoplumbate Complexation in Perovskite Solution-Processing Inks Has Implications for Crystallization.

We illustrate the critical importance of the energetics of cation-solvent versus cation-iodoplumbate interactions in determining the stability of ABX perovskite precursors in a dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent medium. We have shown, through a complementary suite of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and computational studies, that Cs exhibits significantly different solvent vs iodoplumbate interactions compared to organic A-site cations such as CHNH (MA). Two NMR studies were conducted: Cs NMR analysis shows that Cs and MA compete for coordination with PbI in DMF.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Requires To Produce 4-Hydroxy-5-Methylfuran-3(2H)-One, a Mimic of the Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Autoinducer AI-2.

Quorum sensing is a process of cell-to-cell communication that bacteria use to orchestrate collective behaviors. Quorum sensing depends on the production, release, and detection of extracellular signal molecules called autoinducers (AIs) that accumulate with increasing cell density. While most AIs are species specific, the AI called AI-2 is produced and detected by diverse bacterial species, and it mediates interspecies communication.