Clinical application of microRNAs in glomerular diseases.

RNA interference (RNAi) occurs in all organisms and modulates most, if not all, biological pathways. It is the process by which non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate gene transcription and post-transcriptional processing of messenger RNA (mRNA). A single miRNA can modulate several genes within a cell, and several miRNAs can regulate expression of the same gene, adding tiers of complexity to the regulation of gene expression.

MicroRNA-23b-3p Deletion Induces an IgA Nephropathy-like Disease Associated with Dysregulated Mucosal IgA Synthesis.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary GN worldwide. Circulating immune complexes form that are prone to deposition in the mesangium, where they trigger glomerular inflammation. A growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulated expression of microRNAs in IgAN may play a significant role in establishing the disease phenotype.

A Pilot Study to Predict Risk of IgA Nephropathy Progression Based on miR-204 Expression.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most frequently diagnosed primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Despite the common diagnostic feature of mesangial IgA-containing immune complex deposition, the clinical course of the disease is extremely variable, with 30% of patients developing end-stage kidney disease within 20 years of diagnosis. Therefore, identifying which patients are likely to progress is paramount.

Hepatic cysteine sulphinic acid decarboxylase depletion and defective taurine metabolism in a rat partial nephrectomy model of chronic kidney disease.

Background: Taurine depletion occurs in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). In contrast, in the absence of CKD, plasma taurine is reported to increase following dietary L-glutamine supplementation. This study tested the hypothesis that taurine biosynthesis decreases in a rat CKD model, but is rectified by L-glutamine supplementation.

The Non-Coding RNA Landscape in IgA Nephropathy-Where Are We in 2021?

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most commonly diagnosed primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is a slow progressing disease with approximately 30% of cases reaching end-stage kidney disease within 20 years of diagnosis. It is currently only diagnosed by an invasive biopsy and treatment options are limited.