Cognitive therapy for PTSD following multiple-trauma exposure in children and adolescents: a case series.

Background: Cognitive therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD) is an efficacious treatment for children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following single incident trauma, but there is a lack of evidence relating to this approach for youth with PTSD following exposure to multiple traumatic experiences.

Aims: To assess the safety, acceptability and feasibility of CT-PTSD for youth following multiple trauma, and obtain a preliminary estimate of its pre-post effect size.

Method: Nine children and adolescents (aged 8-17 years) with multiple-trauma PTSD were recruited to a case series of CT-PTSD.

The ratio of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species determines the type of cell death that bacteria undergo.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are emerging as a novel antibacterial strategy to combat the alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). RONS can inhibit bacterial growth through reactions with cellular molecules, compromising vital biological functions and leading to cell death. While their mechanisms of action have been studied, many remain unclear, especially in biologically relevant environments.

Temperature and plant-available soil phosphorus drive intraspecific variation in plant economic traits of Schima superba across an elevation gradient.

Background And Aims: The whole-plant economics spectrum (PES) describes coordination between organ-level traits that together determine resource use strategies and is relevant for understanding plant responses to environmental change. Whereas coordination between organs has previously been explored across species, it remains unclear whether patterns observed across species hold within species. In addition, the key driving forces underlying this coordination warrant clarification.