Small-molecule activator of SMUG1 enhances repair of pyrimidine lesions in DNA.

A potentially promising approach to targeted cancer prevention in genetically at-risk populations is the pharmacological upregulation of DNA repair pathways. SMUG1 is a base excision repair enzyme that ameliorates adverse genotoxic and mutagenic effects of hydrolytic and oxidative damage to pyrimidines. Here we describe the discovery and initial cellular activity of a small-molecule activator of SMUG1.

Challenges in "probing spectroscopic probes" for noninvasive simultaneous disease diagnosis.

Noninvasive diagnosis of human diseases relies on the detection of molecular markers (probes) in a painless manner. Although extrinsic and intrinsic molecular markers are often used, intrinsic disease probes (molecular markers) are preferable because they are naturally present in our body, and deviation in their concentration from normal levels clearly indicates anomalies in human bodies, that is, diseases. In this study, we report noninvasive spectroscopic measurements of total haemoglobin (Hb), bilirubin, and the ratio of oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin as disease markers for anaemia, jaundice, and oxygen deficiency, respectively, using a meticulously designed optical fibre probe.

AI-assisted detection for chest X-rays (AID-CXR): a multi-reader multi-case study protocol.

Introduction: A chest X-ray (CXR) is the most common imaging investigation performed worldwide. Advances in machine learning and computer vision technologies have led to the development of several artificial intelligence (AI) tools to detect abnormalities on CXRs, which may expand diagnostic support to a wider field of health professionals. There is a paucity of evidence on the impact of AI algorithms in assisting healthcare professionals (other than radiologists) who regularly review CXR images in their daily practice.

Anomalous and large topological Hall effects in-Mn chiral compound CoRuZnMn: electron electron interaction facilitated quantum interference effect.

-Mn-type chiral cubic CoZnMn(++= 20) alloys present a intriguing platform for exploring topological magnetic orderings with promising spintronic potential. This study examines the magnetotransport properties of CoRuZnMn, a skyrmion-hosting-Mn-type chiral compound. The longitudinal resistivity () exhibits field-insensitive low-temperature minima due to quantum interference effects, driven byT1/2-dependent electron-electron interactions.