Active case finding for tuberculosis among people who inject drugs on methadone treatment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Setting: Active case finding is a World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed strategy for improving tuberculosis (TB) case detection. Despite WHO recommendations for active case finding among people who inject drugs (PWID), few studies have been published. The historical focus of case finding has been in populations that are human immunodeficiency virus-positive, incarcerated or at higher occupational risk.

Lessons from Tanzania on the integration of HIV and tuberculosis treatments into methadone assisted treatment.

To successfully address HIV and TB in the world, we must address the healthcare needs of key populations, such as drug users, and we must do this urgently. Currently in Tanzania, as in many countries, the care for these medical disorders is separated into disease specific clinical environments. Our consortium began working to integrate HIV and TB clinical services into the methadone program in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Headache in a nonclinical population in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A community-based study.

Headache is a common symptom that constitutes a major health problem to all countries in the world with a variable prevalence from about 20.2% in the African population to about 80% in populations of the civilized world. Community-based studies in African populations are still scanty, and the impact on health facility utilization and sickness absence from work is unknown.

Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy in Ulanga, a rural Tanzanian district: a community-based study.

A random cluster sample survey of approximately 18,000 people in 11 villages was performed in Ulanga, a Tanzanian district with a population of approximately 139,000 people. Well-instructed fourth-year medical students and neurologic and psychiatry nurses identified persons with epilepsy using a screening questionnaire and sent them to a neurologist for detailed evaluation. Identified were 207 subjects (88 male, 119 female) with epilepsy; of these, 185 (89.

High HIV seroprevalence and increased HIV-associated mortality among hospitalized patients with deep bacterial infections in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Objectives: To correlate deep bacterial infections with HIV infection and evaluate the influence of HIV on clinical picture and outcome in patients with meningitis, pneumonia or pyomyositis.

Design: Case-control comparison of HIV seroprevalence between patients and an age- and sex-matched control group in a prospective cross-sectional study of hospitalized patients.

Participants: One hundred and sixty-five patients admitted to hospital with either purulent meningitis, pneumonia or pyomyositis and 165 age- and sex-matched controls from orthopaedic/trauma wards.