Excretory urography can track down morphological changes in the urinary bladder associated with urachal anomalies in calves for early diagnosis.

Objective: To investigate radiographic detection by excretory urography of morphological changes in the urinary bladder associated with urachal anomalies in calves.

Methods: Excretory urography was performed to detect morphological changes in the urinary bladder of 13 calves, of which 6 were nondysuric with swelling of umbilical region and 7 were dysuric without clinical umbilical swelling from November 2022 through April 2024.

Results: The urinary bladder was delineated in all 13 calves after excretory urography.

[Cefiderocol: a first and novel class of siderophore cephalosporin for Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infection].

Antimicrobial resistance is currently recognized as an urgent concern against public health in worldwide. Carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative bacteria, such as Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are listed as critical pathogens which are widely spread and can cause severe and often deadly infections in WHO guidance. Cefiderocol (Fetroja), a novel and first siderophore cephalosporin, was approved for the infections caused by these problematic CR Gram-negative bacteria in Japan on November 30, 2023.

Sae2 controls Mre11 endo- and exonuclease activities by different mechanisms.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) must be repaired to ensure cell survival and genomic integrity. In yeast, the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 complex (MRX) collaborates with Sae2 to initiate DSB repair. Sae2 stimulates two MRX nuclease activities, endonuclease and 3'-5' exonuclease.

Recent advances in the design and optimization of artificial metalloenzymes.

Embedding a catalytically competent transition metal into a protein scaffold affords an artificial metalloenzyme (ArM). Such hybrid catalysts display features that are reminiscent of both homogeneous and enzymatic catalysts. Pioneered by Whitesides and Kaiser in the late 1970s, this field of ArMs has expanded over the past two decades, marked by ever-increasing diversity in reaction types, cofactors, and protein scaffolds.

Generation of novel anti-apoE monoclonal antibodies that selectively recognize apoE isoforms.

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a regulator of lipid metabolism, cholesterol transport, and the clearance and aggregation of amyloid β in the brain. The three human apoE isoforms apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4 only differ in one or two residues. Nevertheless, the functions highly depend on the isoform types and lipidated states.