[THE VARICOCELE ENIGMA: "BACKGROUND NOISE" OR COMMON MALE INFERTILITY ETIOLOGY?].

Infertility derived from mate etiology is a health problem which has increased over the last decades. Varicocele is a common cause for mate infertility with incidence of 35% and 75% among males with primary and secondary infertility, respectively, compared to 10%-15% among the general population. VaricoceLe is defined as dilated and entangled pampiniform plexus and internal spermatic veins located in the spermatic cord.

Testicular sperm retrieval and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection provide favorable outcome in spinal cord injury patients, failing conservative reproductive treatment.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome after testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in a group of spinal cord injury (SCI) male patients not compatible with conservative fertility treatment.

Setting: University-affiliated medical center.

IVF outcome with cryopreserved testicular sperm.

The introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and the use of spermatozoa extracted from the testicles have changed the option for conception for azoospermic patients. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the IVF outcome after using cryopreserved testicular sperm samples in comparison with fresh ones. A total of 667 in vitro fertilisation cycles with fresh or cryopreserved testicular sperm obtained by an open biopsy and testicular needle aspiration were evaluated.

Does age at orchidopexy impact on the results of testicular sperm extraction?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the affect of age at the time of orchidopexy on testicular sperm extraction (TESE) results among patients with a history of cryptorchidism and azoospermia. This retrospective study compared TESE results for couples undergoing IVF treatment, among two groups of patients. Group A included patients who underwent orchidopexy at age 10 and younger, and group B included patients who had the procedure above the age of 10.