Systemic allopurinol administration reduces malondialdehyde, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and increases vascular endothelial growth factor in random flap Wistar rats exposed to nicotine.

Introduction: Smoking poses a risk to flap viability, with nicotine being a major contributor to the formation of free radicals. Allopurinol, known for its antioxidant properties, has been shown to enhance tissue survival in ischemic conditions by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aims to assess the impact of allopurinol on the viability and success of skin flaps in Wistar rats exposed to nicotine.

Preconditioning Local Injection of Activated Platelet-Rich Plasma Increases Angiogenesis, VEGF Levels, and Viability of Modified McFarlane Flap in Diabetes-Induced Rats.

 The risk of flap necrosis in tissue reconstruction surgery is elevated in patients with vascular disorders, such as diabetes mellitus. Chronic hyperglycemia causes endothelial cell dysfunction and increases inflammatory process, causing vascular insufficiency. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains high levels of platelets, growth factors, and fibrinogens.