Polarization enhanced GaN separate absorption and multiplication ultraviolet avalanche photodiodeswith an ScGaN interlayer.

This article proposes a separate absorption and multiplication (SAM) GaN-based avalanche photodiode (APD) that achieves both high gain and low operating voltage by applying Sc-based ferroelectric material ScGaN in APDs. The avalanche gain of the proposed SAM APD with a low Sc composition p-ScGaN insertion layer reaches 7.2 × 10, which is 60% higher than that of a conventional p-i-p-i-n GaN-based APD.

Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing on Si-Based Dielectric Films Grown by ICP-CVD.

Silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and silicon oxynitride thin films were deposited on the Si substrate by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition and annealed at 1100 °C for 3 min in an Ar environment. Silicon nitride and silicon oxide films deposited at ratios of the reactant flow rates of SiH/N = 1.875 and SiH/NO = 3, respectively, were Si-rich, while Si excess for the oxynitride film (SiH/N/NO = 3:2:2) was not found.

[The morphological characteristics of HIV-associated tuberculosis in relation to blood CD4+ lymphocyte counts].

Objective: To investigate the morphological features of HIV-associated tuberculosis with different peripheral blood CD4 lymphocyte counts.

Material And Methods: Intraoperative and biopsy specimens from 148 patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis were examined. Group 1 included 16 (10.

[Acute toxic dystrophy of the liver during antituberculosis therapy].

The paper considers a case of acute toxic dystrophy of the liver developing as a manifestation of an idiosyncratic dose-independent unpredictable reaction during standard antituberculosis therapy. The process of liver damage was fulminant with massive diffuse centrilobular necroses, lymphoid-eosinophilic infiltration in the portal tracts, and the development of liver failure.

[Basic principles in the formulation of a postmortem diagnosis in HIV-associated infections].

If a patient dies from HIV-associated disease, after the heading "Underlying disease" the postmortem diagnosis should contain the heading "Secondary diseases" wherein HIV-associated infection is given with the form, site, extent, and activity of the process being indicated. While comparing clinical and postmortem diagnoses in HIV infection, the discrepancy should be specified in view of a secondary disease. If there are a few HIV-associated infections, they all are indicated in the heading "Secondary diseases", one of them, the complications of which are of crucial importance in tanatogenesis, is better chosen to be encoded in the medical death certificate.