Soil application of activated hydrochar derived from sewage sludge enhances plant growth and reduces nitrogen loss.

Sewage sludge treatment and disposal is a considerable environmental and economic burden, and is considered a major global challenge. Here, sewage sludge treatment and disposal were studied with a focus on hydrothermal carbonization and the use of hydrochar (HC) as a soil amendment after Fenton-reaction activation. The underlying hypothesis was that enhanced adsorption of nutrients (e.

Soil nitric and nitrous oxide emissions across a nitrogen fertilization gradient in root crops: A case study of carrot (Daucus carota) production in Mediterranean climate.

Insufficient knowledge about soil nitrous and nitric oxide (N2O and NO) emissions from vegetable production limits our ability to constrain their atmospheric budget. Carrots (Daucus carota) are a globally important, heavily managed and irrigated, high-value horticultural crop. Although intensively fertilized carrots may be an important hot-spot source of N2O and NO emissions, we have little information on the response of soil N2O emissions to fertilization and no information on the NO emissions response.

[Use of radial forearm free flap for the reconstruction of hard and soft palate].

Objective: Improvement functional and aesthetic results of treatment patients with defects of the hard and soft palate after resections for malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: During the period from 2014 to 2020, 30 patients underwent microsurgical reconstruction of hard and soft palate defects using a radial forearm free flap. For the primary tumor process, surgery was performed in 21 patients (70%), for relapse after chemotherapy, combined or complex treatment - in 9 patients (30%).

A new open-path eddy covariance method for nitrous oxide and other trace gases that minimizes temperature corrections.

Low-power, open-path gas sensors enable eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements in remote areas without line power. However, open-path flux measurements are sensitive to fluctuations in air temperature, pressure, and humidity. Laser-based, open-path sensors with the needed sensitivity for trace gases like methane (CH ) and nitrous oxide (N O) are impacted by additional spectroscopic effects.