Loss of Dnajc21 leads to cytopenia and altered nucleotide metabolism in zebrafish.

Mutations in the DNAJC21 gene were recently described in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS), a bone marrow failure syndrome with high predisposition for myeloid malignancies. To study the underlying biology in hematopoiesis regulation and disease, we generated the first in vivo model of Dnajc21 deficiency using the zebrafish. Zebrafish dnajc21 mutants phenocopy key SDS patient phenotypes such as cytopenia, reduced growth, and defective protein synthesis.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein interacts with MAO-B and impairs mitochondrial energetics.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with both acute and post-acute neurological symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can alter mitochondrial metabolism, suggesting that changes in brain metabolism may contribute to the development of acute and post-acute neurological complications. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is a flavoenzyme located on the outer mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters.

Imaging Features of Retinal Vasculitis and/or Retinal Vascular Occlusion after Brolucizumab Treatment in the Postmarketing Setting.

Purpose: The aim of this analysis was to characterize the spectrum of inflammatory changes arising from brolucizumab use in routine clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective analysis of fluorescein angiography (FA), fundus photography (FP) and OCT images taken at the time of adverse event.

Subjects: Brolucizumab-treated patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration with retinal vasculitis (RV) and/or retinal vascular occlusion (RO) reported to Novartis Patient Safety between February 2020 and January 2021.

Choline metabolism underpins macrophage IL-4 polarization and RELMα up-regulation in helminth infection.

Type 2 cytokines like IL-4 are hallmarks of helminth infection and activate macrophages to limit immunopathology and mediate helminth clearance. In addition to cytokines, nutrients and metabolites critically influence macrophage polarization. Choline is an essential nutrient known to support normal macrophage responses to lipopolysaccharide; however, its function in macrophages polarized by type 2 cytokines is unknown.