Phylogenetic analysis suggests independent introduction of feline immunodeficiency virus clades A and B to Central Europe and identifies diverse variants of clade B.

Phylogenetic analysis of European feline immunodeficiency virus sequences confirms a highly distinct pattern in the occurrence of FIV-subtypes within Germany and Austria, indicating little mixing and at least two independent introductions of FIV. There is also evidence for a North to South gradient of FIV subtype distribution in Europe, with subtype A being more common in the North, while subtype B is prevalent in the South of Europe. In addition, among Austrian subtype B sequences, considerable differences from classical subtype B sequences were detected by bootscanning, which either suggests recombination with so far unrecognized subtypes, or a long period of independent evolution.

A protein-dependent riboswitch controlling ptsGHI operon expression in Bacillus subtilis: RNA structure rather than sequence provides interaction specificity.

The Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis transports glucose by the phosphotransferase system. The genes for this system are encoded in the ptsGHI operon. The expression of this operon is controlled at the level of transcript elongation by a protein-dependent riboswitch.

The general stress protein Ctc of Bacillus subtilis is a ribosomal protein.

Cells respond to stress conditions by synthesizing general or specific stress proteins. The Ctc protein of Bacillus subtilis belongs to the general stress proteins. The synthesis of Ctc is controlled by an alternative sigma factor of RNA polymerase, sigmaB.

Three-pion interferometry results from central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV/c.

Three-particle correlations have been measured for identified pi(-) from central 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions by the WA98 experiment at CERN. A substantial contribution of the genuine three-body correlation has been found as expected for a mainly chaotic and symmetric source.

Specific interaction of the RNA-binding domain of the bacillus subtilis transcriptional antiterminator GlcT with its RNA target, RAT.

Expression of the Bacillus subtilis ptsGHI operon is controlled by transcriptional antitermination mediated by the antiterminator protein GlcT. The antiterminator is inactivated in the absence of glucose, presumably by phosphorylation. A conditional terminator in the ptsG mRNA leader region has been identified.