Estimating Human Fat and Muscle Conductivity From 100 Hz to 1 MHz Using Measurements and Modelling.

The electrical conductivity of human tissues is a major source of uncertainty when modelling the interactions between electromagnetic fields and the human body. The aim of this study is to estimate human tissue conductivities in vivo over the low-frequency range, from 30 Hz to 1 MHz. Noninvasive impedance measurements, medical imaging, and 3D surface scanning were performed on the forearms of ten volunteer test subjects.

Induced electric fields in MRI settings and electric vestibular stimulations: same vestibular effects?

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner environments, the continuous Lorentz Force is a potent vestibular stimulation. It is nowadays so well known that it is now identified as Magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS). Alongside MVS, some authors argue that through induced electric fields, electromagnetic induction could also trigger the vestibular system.

and dosimetric investigation on electrical vestibular stimulation with frequency- and amplitude-modulated currents.

. Normal function of the vestibular system can be disturbed using a noninvasive technique called electrical vestibular stimulation (EVS), which alters a person's sense of balance and causes false sensations of movement. EVS has been widely used to study the function of the vestibular system, and it has recently gained interest as a therapeutic tool to improve postural stability and help those suffering from vestibular dysfunction.

Simulating tDCS electrode placement to stimulate both M1 and SMA enhances motor performance and modulates cortical excitability depending on current flow direction.

Introduction: The conventional method of placing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) electrodes is just above the target brain area. However, this strategy for electrode placement often fails to improve motor function and modulate cortical excitability. We investigated the effects of optimized electrode placement to induce maximum electrical fields in the leg regions of both M1 and SMA, estimated by electric field simulations in the T1and T2-weighted MRI-based anatomical models, on motor performance and cortical excitability in healthy individuals.