Influence of Solder Mask on Electrochemical Migration on Printed Circuit Boards.

Electrochemical migration (ECM) on the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs) continues to pose a significant reliability risk in electronics. Nevertheless, the existing literature lacks studies that address the solder mask and solder pad design aspects in the context of ECM. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of solder mask type with varying roughness and solder pad design on the susceptibility to ECM using a water drop test and thermal humidity bias test.

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia reduces insulin resistance and inflammatory response in experimental acute pancreatitis.

Aims: The activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is crucial at an early stage in the development of an inflammatory reaction. A study of metabolic events globally and locally in the early phase of acute pancreatitis (AP), implying hampered SNS activity, is lacking. We hypothesized that thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) modulates the inflammatory response and alleviates the severity of AP in pigs.

Microdialysis in early detection of temporary pancreatic ischemia in a porcine model.

Background: Ischemic injury to the pancreas occurs in various clinical conditions. A method for online monitoring of pathophysiological events in pancreatic parenchyma is missing.

Aims: To assess the timing of microdialysis (MD) technique response on temporary changes in pancreatic perfusion, and to evaluate the relationship between MD data and systemic markers of anaerobic metabolism and inflammation.

Heavy crude oils/particle stabilized emulsions.

Fluid characterization is a key technology for success in process design for crude oil mixtures in the future offshore. In the present article modern methods have been developed and optimized for crude oil applications. The focus is on destabilization processes in w/o emulsions, such as creaming/sedimentation and flocculation/coalescence.

Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with subnormal blood creatinine levels.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have statistically significant subnormal creatinine levels and that the creatinine levels are associated with severity of disease.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective observational study over 2 years (2005-2006) in which the SAH patients were divided into patients with severe symptoms and patients with mild/moderate symptoms, and were compared to patients with; traumatic brain injury, trauma without brain injury and patients undergoing elective knee surgery. Blood creatinine levels (day 1-3, and day 7) were recorded.