Balancing safety and efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparins in neonates: a systematic review.

The rising incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in neonates has led to increased use of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), but optimal dosages remain uncertain. A serious adverse effect of LMWHs is major bleeding. Given the vulnerability of neonates to major bleeding, we aimed to review therapeutic and prophylactic LMWH dosages to achieve target anti-factor Xa ranges of 0.

[Hereditary thrombophilia; whom to test?].

Patients with thrombophilia show a higher incidence of VTE due to a disturbance in the hemostatic system. Hereditary thrombophilia can be identified by laboratory diagnostics, however most guidelines advise against thrombophilia testing in the majority of the patients with VTE, since the outcome rarely affects clinical decisions for the treatment. In this article we describe two cases in which hereditary thrombophilia testing could be considered.

Incidence and risk factors for postthrombotic syndrome in neonates and children in a single-center cohort study.

Background: Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a chronic condition following deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and is associated with pain, swelling, and restricted use of the affected limb. In pediatric age groups, its incidence and risk factors are not well-known.

Methods: This observational cohort study of all consecutive children (≤18 years) with DVT treated at the Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam between January 2001 and January 2021 was conducted to identify incidence and risk factors for PTS in neonates aged ≤2 months and children aged >2 months.

The association between lipoprotein(a) levels and ischemic stroke in children: A case-control study.

Background: Pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is a rare disorder, associated with severe morbidity. In adults, elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), a cholesterol-like particle, is associated with ischemic stroke. However, data on Lp(a) and pediatric AIS are scarce.

New Insights in ATP Synthesis as Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Angiogenic Ocular Diseases.

Lactate and ATP formation by aerobic glycolysis, the Warburg effect, is considered a hallmark of cancer. During angiogenesis in non-cancerous tissue, proliferating stalk endothelial cells (ECs) also produce lactate and ATP by aerobic glycolysis. In fact, all proliferating cells, both non-cancer and cancer cells, need lactate for the biosynthesis of building blocks for cell growth and tissue expansion.