Effects of Antioxidant Amino Acids on Cancer Sarcopenia.

Cancer sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with advanced cancer, which is closely related to the disease prognosis. Overcoming cancer sarcopenia is important for cancer treatment. Cystine and theanine (CT), antioxidant amino acids, have been applied to the nutritional intervention of various diseases but their effects remain unclear on cancer sarcopenia.

Assessing the risk factors for surgical site infections after anal reconstruction surgery in patients with anorectal malformations: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify surgical site infection (SSI) risk factors after anal reconstruction surgery in patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs).

Methods: This retrospective analysis from January 2013 to December 2022, including all pediatric surgical facilities in Hokkaido, Japan, examined consecutive patients with ARMs, excluding cloacal cases, regarding perioperative and SSI factors during their initial anal reconstruction surgeries.

Results: This study involved 157 cases of major clinical groups and 7 cases of rare/regional variants, among whom 4% developed SSIs.

Development of a novel treatment based on PKMYT1 inhibition for cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer with miR-424-5p-dependent cyclin E1 amplification.

Background: Chemotherapy including cisplatin is recommended for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer, but its effectiveness is limited due to the acquisition of drug resistance. Although several mechanisms of cisplatin resistance have been reported, there are still many unknowns, and treatment of cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer remains difficult. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to identify and characterize microRNAs involved in cisplatin resistance.

Caprylic Acid Inhibits High Mobility Group Box-1-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in Myocardial Tubes.

Myocardial damage significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with cancer; however, the mechanisms of myocardial damage induced by cancer and its treatment remain unknown. We previously reported that medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) improve cancer-induced myocardial damage but did not evaluate the differences in effect according to MCFA type. Therefore, this study investigated the role of inflammatory cytokines in cancer-induced myocardial damage and the effects of three types of MCFAs (caprylic acid [C8], capric acid [C10], and lauric acid [C12]).