[Congenital malformations of the lungs].

Some histological signs of congenital lung malformations are described basing on many years' studies including those carried out in cooperation with pediatric surgeons. Histological signs of congenital malformations comprise rugged, "cut up" bronchiectatic lumens due to pseudopoliposis, diverticulosis and abundance of Lambert tubes. In bronchiectatic lumens there may be openings of smallest bronchi, bronchioles or alveoli, indicating the absence of several bronchial generations, and reflecting the replication of filogenic development of the lung.

[Structural-functional features of the large and small bronchi and differences in their inflammatory reactions].

Structural-functional features of bronchi reflect the differences in the inflammation in their walls. This should be taken into consideration by pathologists studying biopsies and by clinicians evaluating lungs roentgenologically and by ultrasound.

[Branching defects and mucosal diverticulosis of the bronchi in children as factors predisposing to the development of chronic inflammatory processes in the lungs].

Clinical and bronchographic data were juxtaposed with the results of selective histological examination of the resected parts of lungs from 3 to 14-year-old children suffering for several years from persistent cough and recurrent pneumonias. The defects of small and mean bronchi branching are found in 66% of cases (out of 50) and in 64% there was diverticulosis of the mucous membrane of large and small bronchi that is followed by pseudopoliposis and the development of deep "pouches". All this is followed by bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, development of peribronchial pneumonia foci, chronic bronchitis, obturation syndrome.