Association of Hormone Replacement Therapy with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk in Women with Menopausal Disorders: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

: The long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unclear, necessitating further investigations of the association between HRT and the development of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in postmenopausal women. : This retrospective cohort study utilized Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims (2001-2018) to identify postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years with HRT use. A one-year washout period was applied before the index date to ensure new HRT users.

Morphological differences between residual childhood hip dysplasia with previous osteotomy and adolescent-onset hip dysplasia.

Background: Hip dysplasia (HD) at skeletal maturity can result from residual developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) treated in childhood or from primary adolescent-onset HD (AOHD). This study aims to compare the pathomorphology of these two HD subtypes with that of a normal control group.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic HD between 2013 and 2020.

Antibody-Nanoparticle Conjugates in Therapy: Combining the Best of Two Worlds.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody fragments have revolutionized medicine as highly specific binding agents and inhibitors. At the same time, several types of nanomaterials, including liposomes, lipid nanoparticles (NPs), polymersomes, metal and metal oxide NPs, and protein nanostructures, are increasingly utilized and explored for therapeutic potential due to their versatility, chemical and physical properties, and tunability. However, nanomaterials alone often lack specificity, leading to relatively low efficacy and/or high toxicity.

High-Frequency Trans-Spinal Magnetic Stimulation for Chronic Neuropathic Pain Treatment.

Trans-Spinal Magnetic Stimulation (TSMS) is emerging as a promising, low-risk, non-invasive alternative to spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in treating refractory chronic neuropathic back and leg pain. TSMS entails the generation of electrical pulses using a magnetic field produced by a coil positioned on the patient's skin, obviating the need for surgical intervention. Clinical research and trials are continuously needed to assess the effectiveness of TSMS and its potential as a noninvasive option for managing chronic pain.

Complexity Analysis based on Parietal Fuzzy Entropy to Facilitate ADHD Diagnosis in Young Children.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common condition affecting the development of neurons in children. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis of ADHD in young children is of paramount importance. In this study, the 8-channel wireless wearable EEG measurement device was employed to record EEG data from 30 children diagnosed with ADHD and 30 typical development (TD) young children aged 4-7 years.