Rectal and sublingual administration of tacrolimus: a single-dose pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers.

Aims: The immunosuppressant tacrolimus is usually administered orally. When this is not feasible, other routes of administration may be useful. Previous research suggested that tacrolimus may be applied sublingually or rectally.

Sustained acute voltage-dependent blood pressure decrease with prolonged carotid baroreflex activation in therapy-resistant hypertension.

Objective: Chronic carotid baroreflex stimulation (Rheos system) has been shown to effectively reduce blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. Upon acute stimulation blood pressure also falls as a function of voltage. the aim of this study is to evaluate whether this voltage-dependent blood pressure decrease is preserved after long-term carotid baroreflex stimulation.

Novel procedure- and device-based strategies in the management of systemic hypertension.

Despite the considerable advances in the treatment of hypertension that have been made over the past few decades, adequate management and control of this condition remains poor, and efforts are ongoing to develop new strategies to improve related outcomes. Novel therapeutic approaches to the management of systemic hypertension fall into two major categories: (i) those that seek to improve blood pressure-lowering efficacy using new therapeutic strategies in addition to standard non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches and (ii) novel ways to optimize and improve the efficacy and utility of existing therapies. Novel procedure- and device-based strategies to control hypertension include renal sympathetic denervation and baroreflex sensitization.

Novel baroreflex activation therapy in resistant hypertension: results of a European multi-center feasibility study.

Objectives: This study assessed the safety and efficacy of a novel implantable device therapy in resistant hypertension patients.

Background: Despite the availability of potent antihypertensive drugs, a substantial proportion of patients remain hypertensive. A new implantable device (Rheos system, CVRx, Inc.

Carotid baroreflex activation: past, present, and future.

Electrical activation of the carotid baroreceptor system is an attractive therapy for the treatment of resistant hypertension. In the past, several attempts were made to directly activate the baroreceptor system in humans, but the method had to be restricted to a few selected patients. Adverse effects, the need for better electrical devices and better surgical techniques, and the lack of knowledge about long-term effects has greatly hampered developments in this area for many years.