Kidney Biopsy Findings Among Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients With Kidney Injury: A Case Series.

Rationale And Objective: The incidence of kidney disease is high in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (aHCT). Although rarely performed, kidney biopsy may be useful to make a precise diagnosis because several mechanisms and risk factors can be involved, and to adjust the treatment accordingly. This case series aimed to report the spectrum of biopsy findings from patients with kidney injury after aHCT.

The effectiveness gap in COPD: a mixed methods international comparative study.

Background: There has been a large increase in treatment and in research on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the common starting point of the original Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) study. There is currently little evidence on the degree of similarity and difference between national programmes or on the linkage between research and policy.

Aims: To review the evidence on programme development and the effectiveness gap from the UK, France, Germany, and Finland.