Human phospholipases A2: a functional and evolutionary analysis.

Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are capable of hydrolyzing the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to release fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The PLA2 superfamily enzymes are widespread and present in most mammalian cells and tissues, regulating metabolism, remodeling the membrane and maintaining its homeostasis, producing lipid mediators and activating inflammatory reactions, so disruption of PLA2-regulated lipid metabolism often leads to various diseases. In this study, 29 PLA2 genes in the human genome were systematically collected and described based on literature and sequence analyses.

The Phylogeny of Class B Flavoprotein Monooxygenases and the Origin of the YUCCA Protein Family.

YUCCA (YUCCA flavin-dependent monooxygenase) is one of the two enzymes of the main auxin biosynthesis pathway (tryptophan aminotransferase enzyme (TAA)/YUCCA) in land plants. The evolutionary origin of the YUCCA family is currently controversial: YUCCAs are assumed to have emerged via a horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of land plants or to have inherited it from their ancestor, the charophyte algae. To refine YUCCA origin, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of the class B flavoprotein monooxygenases and comparative analysis of the sequences belonging to different families of this protein class.

[Hypothetical SNP Markers That Significantly Affect the Affinity of the TATA-Binding Protein to VEGFA, ERBB2, IGF1R, FLT1, KDR, and MET Oncogene Promoters as Chemotherapy Targets].

The following hypothesis has been proposed: IF an SNP can significantly increase the expression of an oncogene by increasing the affinity of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) to its promoter, THEN this SNP can also reduce the apparent bioactivity of inhibitors of this oncogene during antitumor chemotherapy and vice versa. In the context of this hypothesis, the previously proposed method (http://beehive.bionet.

Molecular evolution of cyclin proteins in animals and fungi.

Background: The passage through the cell cycle is controlled by complexes of cyclins, the regulatory units, with cyclin-dependent kinases, the catalytic units. It is also known that cyclins form several families, which differ considerably in primary structure from one eukaryotic organism to another. Despite these lines of evidence, the relationship between the evolution of cyclins and their function is an open issue.