Synthesis and Properties of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents via Heating-Stirring and Ultrasound.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a greener alternative to other more polluting traditional solvents and have attracted a lot of interest in the last two decades. The DESs are less toxic dissolvents and have a lower environmental footprint. This paper presents an alternative synthesis method to the classical heating-stirring method.

Staging Parkinson's disease according to the MNCD classification correlates with caregiver burden.

Background And Objective: Recently, we demonstrated that staging Parkinson's disease (PD) with a novel simple classification called MNCD, based on four axes (motor, non-motor, cognition, and dependency) and five stages, correlated with disease severity and patients' quality of life. Here, we analyzed the correlation of MNCD staging with PD caregiver's status.

Patients And Methods: Data from the baseline visit of PD patients and their principal caregiver recruited from 35 centers in Spain from the COPPADIS cohort from January 2016 to November 2017 were used to apply the MNCD total score (from 0 to 12) and MNCD stages (from 1 to 5) in this cross-sectional analysis.

Response to levodopa in Parkinson's disease over time. A 4-year follow-up study.

Background And Objective: A good response to levodopa is a key factor to indicate device-aided therapies in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). The aim of the present study was to analyze the response to levodopa in PwPD with motor fluctuations followed for 4 years.

Patients And Methods: PwPD with motor fluctuations recruited from January 2016 to November 2017 from the COPPADIS cohort and assessed annually (from baseline to 4-year follow-up) during the OFF and ON states were included in this analysis.

Cognitive impairment and dementia in young onset Parkinson's disease.

Background And Objective: Patients with young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) have a slower progression. Our aim was to analyze the change in cognitive function in YOPD compared to patients with a later onset and controls.

Patients And Methods: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls from the COPPADIS cohort were included.

Photorespiration: regulation and new insights on the potential role of persulfidation.

Photorespiration has been considered a 'futile' cycle in C3 plants, necessary to detoxify and recycle the metabolites generated by the oxygenating activity of Rubisco. However, several reports indicate that this metabolic route plays a fundamental role in plant metabolism and constitutes a very interesting research topic. Many open questions still remain with regard to photorespiration.