Genetic Diversity and Possible Origins of the Hepatitis B Virus in Siberian Natives.

A total of 381 hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA sequences collected from nine groups of Siberian native populations were phylogenetically analyzed along with 179 HBV strains sampled in different urban populations of former western USSR republics and 50 strains from Central Asian republics and Mongolia. Different HBV subgenotypes predominated in various native Siberian populations. Subgenotype D1 was dominant in Altaian Kazakhs (100%), Tuvans (100%), and Teleuts (100%) of southern Siberia as well as in Dolgans and Nganasans (69%), who inhabit the polar Taimyr Peninsula.

Different evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis B virus genotypes A and D, and hepatitis D virus genotypes 1 and 2 in an endemic area of Yakutia, Russia.

Background: The geographic distribution of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the hepatitis D virus (HDV) genotypes is uneven. We reconstructed the temporal evolution of HBV and HDV in Yakutia, one of the regions of Russia most affected by HBV and HDV, in an attempt to understand the possible mechanisms that led to unusual for Russia pattern of viral genotypes and to identify current distribution trends.

Methods: HBV and HDV genotypes were determined in sera collected in 2018-2019 in Yakutia from randomly selected 140 patients with HBV monoinfection and 59 patients with HBV/HDV.

[The panels of serums, containing various subtypes and mutant forms of HBsAg, to evaluate the diagnostics sensitivity of kits oa reagents detecting HBsAg].

The detection of HBsAg in blood serum using immune-enzyme analysis techniques decisively matters both for diagnostics of acute and chronic hepatitis B and screening of donor's blood and its components, controls of persons from risk groups of hepatitis B injection. The making of panels containing wide specter of samples of blood serums with sero-variants and mutant forms of surface antigen of hepatitis B virus widespread on the territory of the Russian Federation is necessary to control analytic and diagnostic sensitivity of test systems for detecting HBsAg. The testing of reagents kits to detect HBsAg using twi panels containing recombinant and native variants of HBsAg, demonstrated that these kits enable to detect various sero-vatriants of HBsAg (ayw2, adw2, ayw3varA, ayw3varB, adrq-) in concentration 0.

[Intralaboratory quality control in non-quantitative enzyme immunoassays of serological markers for various infections].

For intralaboratory quality control (IQC) of non-quantitative techniques, estimation of the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory analysis was introduced using the new control samples (CS)2 and CS3. The estimation of the sensitivity of laboratory analysis uses the control CS2 with a true positive result, the value of which exceeds the critical value of optimal density (OD), but it is, at the same time, rather low (for example, higher than the upper limit of the mean values of ODcrit +/- 3S and lower than 2 x ODcrit). The estimation of the specificity of laboratory analysis employs the control CS3 with a true negative result, whose OD value should be below ODcrit.

[Results of the participation of 360 laboratories of Russia in the external quality assessment program for HBsAG tests].

During their first participation in the external quality assessment program (EQAP), 78-81% of the laboratories detect positive samples of control panels containing 0.125 IU/ml of HBsAg; 95-97% of them identify negative samples of the control panels. The high efficiency of EQAP was established when the results of the same laboratories that had participated in two cycles were compared.