Publications by authors named "I Fernaud-Espinosa"
The basic building block of the cerebral cortex, the pyramidal cell, has been shown to be characterized by a markedly different dendritic structure among layers, cortical areas, and species. Functionally, differences in the structure of their dendrites and axons are critical in determining how neurons integrate information. However, within the human cortex, these neurons have not been quantified in detail.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerisomatic GABAergic innervation in the cerebral cortex is carried out mostly by basket and chandelier cells, which differentially participate in the control of pyramidal cell action potential output and synchronization. These cells establish multiple synapses with the cell body (and proximal dendrites) and the axon initial segment (AIS) of pyramidal neurons, respectively. Using multiple immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy and 3D quantification techniques, we have estimated the number and density of GABAergic boutons on the cell body and AIS of pyramidal neurons located through cortical layers of the human and mouse neocortex.
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- The analysis of dendritic spines is crucial in neuroscience, but existing methods for segmenting spine surfaces using light microscopy images are often manual and inefficient.
- Deep learning models show promise for automating this segmentation process; however, they require extensive high-quality datasets, which are difficult to obtain due to the time-consuming nature of current segmentation methods.
- This study tested various successful deep learning architectures and implemented preprocessing and training strategies, leading to effective automatic segmentation, while a graphical user interface helps users refine results by correcting any inaccuracies.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a deterioration of neuronal connectivity. The pathological accumulation of tau in neurons is one of the hallmarks of AD and has been connected to the loss of dendritic spines of pyramidal cells, which are the major targets of cortical excitatory synapses and key elements in memory storage. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the loss of dendritic spines in individuals with AD are still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge about neuron morphology is key to understanding brain structure and function. There are a variety of software tools that are used to segment and trace the neuron morphology. However, these tools usually utilize proprietary formats.
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