Prevalence Increases as Treatments Improve: An Evolutionary Perspective on the Treatment-Prevalence Paradox in Depression.

Depression is an eminently treatable disorder that responds to psychotherapy or medications; the efficacy of each has been established in hundreds of controlled trials. Nonetheless, the prevalence of depression has increased in recent years despite the existence of efficacious treatments-a phenomenon known as the treatment-prevalence paradox. We consider several possible explanations for this paradox, which range from a misunderstanding of the very nature of depression, inflated efficacy of the established treatments, and a lack of access to efficacious delivery of treatments.

Clinical Judgments of Response Profiles: Do They Tell Us What Matters for Whom?

DeRubeis and colleagues (2014a) proposed that psychotherapy research has been limited by underappreciated variability in how patients respond to psychotherapy. They proposed that the relationship between the quality of therapy and outcome varies according to patient response profiles. In a study of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression, we tested clinician ratings of this construct as a moderator of the relationship between therapist adherence to cognitive or behavioral methods in predicting symptom change.

Examining Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptom Change in Cognitive Behavioral Immersion: Observational Study.

Background: Depressive and anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders, and there is a critical need for effective, affordable, and accessible interventions. Cognitive Behavioral Immersion (CBI) is a novel group-based cognitive behavioral skills training program delivered by lay coaches in the metaverse that can be accessed through various modalities including virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays or flat-screen devices. Combining its ability to offer empirically supported therapy skills in a digital setting that can still facilitate interpersonal variables (eg, working alliance and sense of social support) with the aid of lay coaches, CBI has the potential to help fill this critical need.

Cognitive Behavioral Immersion for Substance Use Disorders: A Feasibility and Pilot Study of a Peer-Based Coaching Program in the Metaverse.

Cognitive Behavioral Immersion (CBI) is a novel cognitive-behavioral skills program delivered by lay coaches in the metaverse through immersive virtual reality technology. The objective for this study was to run a feasibility and pilot study of CBI for individuals in recovery from a substance use disorder. Data from 48 participants were used and program usage was assessed.

Cognitive restructuring and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review.

Cognitive restructuring (CR) is one method that is hypothesized to play a role in the process of change across many psychotherapies and for a variety of clinical presentations. In this article, we define and illustrate CR. We then present a meta-analysis of four studies (including a total of 353 clients) examining the effect of CR measured within session on psychotherapy outcomes.