Functional Phenotype of Alveolar Macrophages Features in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome.

Phenotypic characteristics of alveolar macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as their ability to acquire the M1 and M2 phenotypes during in vitro culturing with reprogramming factors were studied in rats with modeled diet-induced metabolic syndrome. A decrease in the number of alveolar macrophages with the M1 phenotype was found in animals with metabolic syndrome. The factors of metabolic syndrome do not affect phenotypic plasticity of cells in culture, but under the action of M2 reprogramming factors, the cells demonstrate a wide range of phenotypic plasticity by the CD80 and CD206 markers.

Subpopulation Structure of IFNγ-Producing T Lymphocytes in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

The study of subpopulation structure of IFNγ-producing T cells in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis revealed a decrease in the number of CD3 IFNγ cells against the background of significantly increased IFNγ secretion in vitro irrespective of the clinical form of the disease and drug sensitivity of M. tuberculosis, most strongly expressed in case of the disseminated tuberculosis. In patients with infiltrative drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, increased number of Th1/Th17 lymphocytes (CD4 IFNγIL-17A) and, conversely, decreased number of blood γδT cells was detected.

Molecular Factors of Cytokine-Dependent Activation of T Cells in Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

The parameters characterizing antituberculous immune response at the stage of cytokinedependent activation of T cells were analyzed in 90 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before etiotropic therapy. Immunophenotyping of T cells for IL-12Rβ2, WSX-1, and gp130 surface markers and T-bet intracellular transcription factor was carried out after specific IL-12/IL-27 induction of cells in vitro. An increase in the counts of CD3(+)T-bet(+), CD3(+)IL-12Rβ2 (+), and CD3(+)WSX-1(+)gp130(+) cells and the level of T cells with high expression of WSX-1 inhibitory molecule (CD3(+)WSX-1(hi+)gp130(-) and CD3(+)WSX-1(hi+)gp130(+)) was detected.

LPO and apoptosis during pulmonary tuberculosis.

LPO and apoptosis in blood mononuclear cells were studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and during treatment with standard chemotherapeutics. Pulmonary tuberculosis was accompanied by LPO activation and intensification of apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes. These changes were observed before and after the course of intensive care.

[Peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors studied functional characteristics of mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The study found decrease of the number of C3b- and Fcchi-receptorpositive monocytes and increase of their saturation activity in both categories of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after antituberculous therapy. The study revealed increase of interferons alpha and chi production and, at the same time, decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha, which was more prominent in cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis, and depression of interleukin 2 secretion, more prominent during chemotherapy in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis.