Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)
February 2020
Aim: To assess the intrafraction motion of the urinary bladder and delineate the appropriate margin size for radiotherapy planning, for both the full and empty bladder.
Materials And Methods: This was a single-site, single-arm study of 20 patients planned to undergo radical cystectomy for histologically confirmed muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (cineMRI) of the entire pelvis using a 3-Tesla system, prior to cystectomy.
Injury to the axillary artery is a rare complication of anterior shoulder dislocation. Open surgical repair is technically demanding because of the anatomical position of the vessel and the propensity for concomitant injuries. Standard surgical exposure techniques involve extensive dissection, including a combination of supraclavicular or infraclavicular incision, median sternotomy, and thoracotomy causing significant morbidity and mortality rates.
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