Use of digital measurement of medication adherence and lung function to guide the management of uncontrolled asthma (INCA Sun): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial.

Background: The clinical value of using digital tools to assess adherence and lung function in uncontrolled asthma is not known. We aimed to compare treatment decisions guided by digitally acquired data on adherence, inhaler technique, and peak flow with existing methods.

Methods: A 32-week prospective, multicentre, single-blinded, parallel, randomly controlled trial was done in ten severe asthma clinics across Ireland, Northern Ireland, and England.

COVID-19-related Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in an Adult ICU Patient in Ireland.

Radiologically confirmed, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related neurological manifestations are being reported with increasing frequency since the outbreak of the disease. We describe a 54-year-old male with COVID-19, who demonstrated radiological and clinical findings of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES). The proposed mechanism suggested for COVID-19-related PRES is a disease induced inflammatory storm, which causes endothelial injury, resulting in endothelialdysfunction (ED), interstitial fluid extravasation and cerebral edema.

CXCL9 Regulates TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells.

Epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), whereby fully differentiated epithelial cells transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). CXCR3 and its ligands are recognized to play a protective role in pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the presence and extent of EMT and CXCR3 expression in human IPF surgical lung biopsies and assessed whether CXCR3 and its ligand CXCL9 modulate EMT in alveolar epithelial cells.

Modulation of pulmonary fibrosis by IL-13Rα2.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal disease that involves the remodeling of the distal airspace and the lung parenchyma, which results in compromised gas exchange. The median survival time once diagnosed is less than three years. Interleukin (IL)-13 has been shown to play a role in a number of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.