Metabolomics survey of uropathogenic bacteria in human urine.

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent infections in North America and are caused by a diverse range of bacterial species. Although uropathogenesis has been studied extensively in the context of macromolecular interactions, the degree to which metabolism may contribute to infection is unclear. Currently, most of what is known about the metabolic capacity of uropathogens has been derived from genomics, genetic knockout studies or transcriptomic analyses.

Needle-free intradermal vaccination, an opportunity to improve commercial pig welfare.

In-farm livestock production vaccinations are commonly delivered intramuscularly using needles. While there are alternative strategies these have been subject to little attention and limited commercialisation. One such alternative is needle-free vaccines and studies have focused on the immune response few have addressed the welfare implications.

Anaplerotic filling in heart failure: a review of mechanism and potential therapeutics.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. While current medical treatment is based on known pathophysiology and is effective for many patients, the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. Energy deficiency is a characteristic of HF, marked by complex alterations in metabolism.

Ethylene and epoxyethane metabolism in methanotrophic bacteria: comparative genomics and physiological studies using .

The genome of the methanotrophic bacterium strain 10Ki contains a gene cluster that encodes a putative coenzyme-M (CoM)-dependent pathway for oxidation of epoxyethane, based on homology to genes in bacteria that grow on ethylene and propylene as sole substrates. An alkene monooxygenase was not detected in the genome, so epoxyethane is likely produced from co-oxidation of ethylene by the methane monooxygenase enzyme. Similar gene clusters were detected in about 10% of available genomes from aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, primarily strains grown from rice paddies and other wetlands.