Endoscopic diagnosis of ureteral obstruction secondary to metastatic breast carcinoma.

Metastasis to the ureter is a very rare complication in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases. Retroperitoneal disease appears to be an uncommon manifestation of long-standing breast cancer which is usually hormonally dependent. In most published cases, the diagnosis is only made at postmortem examination.

New strategies for the treatment of hormone-independent prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death in men in the United States. Androgen ablation therapy is useful and results in stabilization or regression of the disease in approximately 80% of patients, but it invariably fails to prevent progressive disease. Prostate cancer that progresses in the presence of androgen blockade is defined as hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).

[Vaginal metastases from renal cell carcinoma].

Renal cell carcinoma rarely metastasizes to the vagina, as only 80 cases have been reported in the literature. Due to the anatomical features of the venous drainage of the left kidney, most vaginal metastases are derived from left renal tumours. Renal imaging looking for a renal tumour must be performed in the presence of a vaginal adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma.

Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction by crossing renal vessels: clinical and imaging features.

Objective: To present the characteristic clinical and imaging findings of pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction caused by crossing renal vessels (CRV), as it presents particular features within the spectrum of congenital hydronephrosis.

Patients And Methods: Between April 1982 and December 2000, 384 children underwent surgery for PUJ obstruction. In 71 (18.