The potential double-burden of vitamin A malnutrition: under- and overconsumption of fortified table sugar in the Guatemalan highlands.

Background/objectives: In Guatemala, population-wide vitamin A fortification of table sugar has been operating for two decades. The objective of this study was to estimate the adequacy of vitamin A intakes in pregnant and lactating women from low-income, urban and rural communities.

Subjects/methods: One or two previous-day dietary recalls were collected in a convenience sample of 234 pregnant and lactating women in the Western Highlands of Guatemala.