Poleward upgliding Siberian atmospheric rivers over sea ice heat up Arctic upper air.

We carried out upper air measurements with radiosondes during the summer over the Arctic Ocean from an icebreaker moving poleward from an ice-free region, through the ice edge, and into a region of thick ice. Rapid warming of the Arctic is a significant environmental issue that occurs not only at the surface but also throughout the troposphere. In addition to the widely accepted mechanisms responsible for the increase of tropospheric warming during the summer over the Arctic, we showed a new potential contributing process to the increase, based on our direct observations and supporting numerical simulations and statistical analyses using a long-term reanalysis dataset.

[The importance of fluorescence angiography in the examination of patients with suspected choroidal tumor].

The paper describes results of examination of 31 patients aged from 19 to 63 years. Ophthalmoscopically, a grey focus with clear or vague limits, flat or prominent was seen on the eye fundus of all patients. The examination included determination of visual acuity, perimetry, ultrasound echography, fluorescence angiography of the eye fundus.