Deterministic Evolutionary Trajectories Influence Primary Tumor Growth: TRACERx Renal.

The evolutionary features of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have not been systematically studied to date. We analyzed 1,206 primary tumor regions from 101 patients recruited into the multi-center prospective study, TRACERx Renal. We observe up to 30 driver events per tumor and show that subclonal diversification is associated with known prognostic parameters.

Amniotic fluid embolism.

Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare syndrome that can have debilitating and lethal consequences. It is a difficult and somewhat intangible diagnosis that warrants a high index of suspicion by physicians. Prompt and aggressive supportive treatment is required to lessen an otherwise dismal outcome, which may include death and permanent disability.

High serum cobalamin levels in the clinical setting--clinical associations and holo-transcobalamin changes.

Whereas low cobalamin levels have been studied intensively, systematic information about high levels, especially in the clinical setting, is scarce. Therefore, a prospective comparison was done of 60 patients with high cobalamin levels and 75 with normal levels obtained by a hospital laboratory over a 2.5 month period.

Associations of food-cobalamin malabsorption with ethnic origin, age, Helicobacter pylori infection, and serum markers of gastritis.

Objectives: Food-cobalamin malabsorption is common in patients with low cobalamin levels. However, characterization of affected subjects has been limited. The aim of this study was to analyze demographic and gastric data in a large study population.