Alkaloids from Caliphruria subedentata (Amaryllidaceae) as Regulators of AChE, BuChE, NMDA and GSK3 Activity: An In Vitro and In Silico Approach for Mimicking Alzheimer´s Disease.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have two types of abnormal protein buildups: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, in addition to the early synaptic dysfunction associated with the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Impairment of the glutamatergic system is also crucial for neuronal survival, as it can cause synaptic dysfunction that overstimulates glutamate receptors, especially N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Another protein affecting neuronal health is glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), a widely preserved serine/threonine protein kinase linked to neuronal disorders, including AD.

The Effects of Prebiotic Supplementation on Markers of Exercise-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Response to Exertional Heat Stress.

Exercise perturbs various aspects of gastrointestinal integrity and function, which may lead to performance impeding gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) and/or precipitate clinical issues warranting medical management. This study aimed to determine the impact of prebiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal integrity and functional status in response to exertional heat stress (EHS). Sixteen endurance athletes completed two trials of 3-hr running at 60% V˙O2max in 30 °C at baseline (T1) and following an 8-week supplementation period (T2), with 16 g/day prebiotic (PREBIOTIC) or matched placebo (PLACEBO).

Tetranuclear and dinuclear Cu(II) complexes with risedronate as and agents. Synthesis, crystal structures, and biological evaluation.

The development of new biometal-based complexes containing antiparasitic bioactive ligands is a central field of coordination chemistry that impacts bioinorganic, medicinal, and biological chemistry. Herein, two novel water-soluble polynuclear Cu(II)-complexes with formula [Cu(4,4'-dmbp)(μ-HRis)Cl], 1 and [Cu(5,5'-dmbp)(μ-HRis)(HO)Cl] 2, (4,4'-dmbp = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, 5,5'-dmbp = 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, HRis = risedronate), were synthesized by self-assembly solution reactions between the corresponding precursor complexes [Cu(dmbp)Cl] and the drug NaRis in aqueous media. Both Cu(II)-Ris complexes 1-2 were structurally described by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, characterized by spectroscopic tools (IR-ATR, HRMS, UV-Vis, EPR) and studied as antiparasitic agents against causative agent of Chagas disease and that is the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Validation of an LC-HRMS Method for Quantifying Indoxyl Sulfate and -Cresyl Sulfate in Human Serum.

Unlabelled: Accurate quantification of indoxyl sulfate (IndS) and -cresyl sulfate (pCS) is essential for understanding their role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and for developing strategies to mitigate their harmful effects, including cardiovascular morbidity and renal fibrosis. Advances in liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) enable the integration of powerful diagnostic tools into clinical laboratories. Along with accurate quantification, precise mass measurements allow for untargeted compound identification.