Analysis of Toxigenic Species Associated with Wheat Grain from Three Regions of Russia: Volga, Ural, and West Siberia.

Wheat grains collected in three regions of Russia-Volga, Ural, and West Siberia-were analyzed for triangulation of methods in analysis of toxigenic species. The presence of fungi and quantitative content of their biomass were detected by using various analytical methods, including a mycological and immunochemical methods, and quantitative PCR. Additionally, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry were applied for determination of mycotoxins.

Development of a multicomponent immunochromatographic test system for the detection of fluoroquinolone and amphenicol antibiotics in dairy products.

Background: Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and chloramphenicol (CAP) are relevant antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone (FQ) and amphenicol (AP) groups, respectively, widely used in veterinary practice and they contaminate agricultural products. In this study, a rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was developed for simultaneous detection of CIP and CAP in dairy products. The ICA was carried out in a direct competitive format using gold nanoparticles as a label.

Ciprofloxacin and Clinafloxacin Antibodies for an Immunoassay of Quinolones: Quantitative Structure⁻Activity Analysis of Cross-Reactivities.

A common problem in the immunodetection of structurally close compounds is understanding the regularities of immune recognition, and elucidating the basic structural elements that provide it. Correct identification of these elements would allow for select immunogens to obtain antibodies with either wide specificity to different representatives of a given chemical class (for class-specific immunoassays), or narrow specificity to a unique compound (mono-specific immunoassays). Fluoroquinolones (FQs; antibiotic contaminants of animal-derived foods) are of particular interest for such research.

Heterologous strategy enhancing the sensitivity of the fluorescence polarization immunoassay of clinafloxacin in goat milk.

Background: Clinafloxacin is used for the treatment of disease in food-producing animals, e.g. Brucella melitensis, which often occurs in goats; however, the clinafloxacin residue in goat milk may harm human health and result in the development of drug-resistant bacterial strains or allergies.

Rapid immunochromatographic assay for ofloxacin in animal original foodstuffs using native antisera labeled by colloidal gold.

An immunochromatographic assay was developed to detect fluoroquinolone antibiotic ofloxacin based on the competitive binding of ofloxacin and the membrane-immobilized ofloxacin-protein conjugate to colloidal gold-labeled antibodies in the course of the labeled antibodies, and to test sample flow through the membrane. The specific feature of labeling by colloidal gold is that native antiserum is used instead of purified immunoglobulins or specific antibodies. This makes the synthetic procedure easier, with no sacrifice in the detection limit.