Age-associated differences in mucosal and systemic host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Age is among the strongest risk factors for severe outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we describe upper respiratory tract (URT) and peripheral blood transcriptomes of 202 participants (age range of 1 week to 83 years), including 137 non-hospitalized individuals with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and 65 healthy individuals. Among healthy children and adolescents, younger age is associated with higher URT expression of innate and adaptive immune pathways.

Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial community composition in a Western European watershed, the Meuse river watershed.

This study aimed to identify factors influencing bacterial diversity in the Meuse river watershed by analyzing 42 locations sampled in spring and summer 2019, combined with biweekly sampling of one mid-stream location for a year. Bacterial community composition (BCC) was assessed in the small (<5 µm, SF) and large ($\ge$5 µm, LF) fractions, alongside physico-chemical parameters. LF consistently exhibited greater alpha diversity than SF.

One-year patency of a novel biorestorative polymeric coronary artery bypass conduit.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains the gold standard in the treatment of complex coronary artery disease. Saphenous vein grafts (SVG) are commonly used for the non-left anterior descending artery. However, SVG failure rates in CABG surgery have been reported to be as high as 30% at 1 year and ∼50% at 10 years.

Comparison of Outcomes Between Low-Risk Aortic Valve Replacement Trials and a Surgical Registry.

Importance: It remains unknown whether outcomes of the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves 3 (PARTNER 3) and Evolut Low Risk trials are comparable with surgical outcomes in nontrial settings, considering the added risk of concomitant cardiac operations.

Objective: To compare 30-day mortality and stroke incidences of patients in the surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) arm of low-risk trials with those of similar patients in the US Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (STS ACSD).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional sampling study was conducted of adults in the STS ACSD with severe aortic stenosis at low surgical risk for AVR who underwent SAVR during the years low-risk AVR trials (PARTNER 3 and Evolut Low Risk) were enrolling (calendar years 2016-2018).

Presentation and Outcomes of Histoplasmosis in Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study.

Background: Histoplasmosis is an important infection among transplant recipients. Few studies have described its epidemiology and outcomes in the modern era.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using medical records from a single center in the United States.