Wallets' explorations across non-fungible token collections.

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs), which are immutable and transferable tokens on blockchain networks, have been used to certify the ownership of digital images often grouped in collections. Depending on individual interests, wallets explore and purchase NFTs in one or more image collections. Among many potential factors of shaping purchase trajectories, this paper specifically examines how visual similarities between collections affect wallets' explorations.

Contactin-4 suppresses antitumor T cell responses by engaging amyloid precursor protein.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have substantial advanced tumor treatment, but their limited benefits and strong responses in only a subset of patients remain challenging. In this study, we explored the immunomodulatory function of contactin-4 (CNTN4). CNTN4 was highly expressed in tumor tissues, and expression impaired the antitumor function of T cells.

Double-Shelled Fe-FeC Nanoparticles Embedded on a Porous Carbon Framework for Superior Lithium-Ion Half/Full Batteries.

Cost-effective and environmentally friendly Fe-based active materials offer exceptionally high energy capacity in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their multiple electron redox reactions. However, challenges, such as morphology degradation during cycling, cell pulverization, and electrochemical stability, have hindered their widespread use. Herein, we demonstrated a simple salt-assisted freeze-drying method to design a double-shelled Fe/FeC core tightly anchored on a porous carbon framework (FEC).

Enhanced Energy Density in All-in-One Device Integrating Si Solar Cell and Supercapacitor Using [BMIm]Cl/PVA Gel Electrolyte.

All-in-one systems integrating solar cells and supercapacitors have recently received significant attention because of their high efficiency and portability. Unlike conventional solar photovoltaics, which require external wiring to connect to a battery for energy storage, integrated devices with solar cells and supercapacitors share one electrode, eliminating wiring resistance and facilitating charge transfer. In this work, we designed and fabricated all-in-one devices by combining a silicon solar cell and a supercapacitor with polymer gel electrolytes.

Understanding the Consumption of Antimicrobial Resistance-Related Content on Social Media: Twitter Analysis.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing concerns in our society. Today, social media can function as an important channel to disseminate information about AMR. The way in which this information is engaged with depends on a number of factors, including the target audience and the content of the social media post.

Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species during Salt Stress in Plants and Their Crosstalk with Other Signaling Molecules-Current Perspectives and Future Directions.

Salt stress is a severe type of environmental stress. It adversely affects agricultural production worldwide. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most frequent phenomenon during salt stress.

Ni/Co/CoO@C nanorods derived from a MOF@MOF hybrid for efficient overall water splitting.

The design of nanostructured materials for efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts has gained tremendous attention, yet developing a fast and effective synthesis strategy remains a challenge. Here, we present a fast and scalable synthetic method of Ni/Co/CoO@C nanorods for efficient overall water splitting. Using microwave synthesis, we first produced a unique Ni-MOF@Co-MOF in a few minutes.

Host-Guest Encapsulation to Promote the Formation of a Multicomponent Trigonal-Prismatic Metallacage.

An inclusion complex of a trigonal-prismatic metallacage with two coronene guests was constructed by multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly from a 90° platinum(II) acceptor [-Pt(PEt)(OTf)], disodium terephthalate, and 2,4,6-tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine in the presence of excess coronene. This platinum(II)-based trigonal prism was found to be a highly matched host to simultaneously encapsulate two coronene molecules. The encapsulation of coronene can effectively promote the formation of a pure single-prismatic metallacage and can stabilize the self-assembled structure via strong π-π-stacking interactions between coronene and the metallacage.

COVID-19 confines recreational gatherings in Seoul to familiar, less crowded, and neighboring urban areas.

Recreational gatherings are sources of the spread of infectious diseases. Understanding the dynamics of recreational gatherings is essential to building effective public health policies but challenging as the interaction between people and recreational places is complex. Recreational activities are concentrated in a set of urban areas and establish a recreational hierarchy.

Construction of Multiple Guide RNAs in CRISPR/Cas9 Vector Using Stepwise or Simultaneous Golden Gate Cloning: Case Study for Targeting the and Multigene in Soybean.

CRISPR/Cas9 is a commonly used technique in reverse-genetics research to knock out a gene of interest. However, when targeting a multigene family or multiple genes, it is necessary to construct a vector with multiple single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) that can navigate the Cas9 protein to the target site. In this protocol, the Golden Gate cloning method was used to generate multiple sgRNAs in the Cas9 vector.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Brassinazole-resistant () Gene Family and Its Expression in the Various Developmental Stage and Stress Conditions in Wheat ( L.).

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in various biological processes, including plant developmental processes and response to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no information is currently available about this gene family in wheat ( L.).

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) Gene Family Reveals Role in Developmental and Various Stress Conditions in L.

PIN-FORMED (PIN) genes play a crucial role in regulating polar auxin distribution in diverse developmental processes, including tropic responses, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, and organogenesis. However, the role of PIN-mediated auxin transport in various plant species is poorly understood. Currently, no information is available about this gene family in wheat ( L.

Graphitic Carbon with MnO/Mn C Prepared by Laser-Scribing of MOF for Versatile Supercapacitor Electrodes.

Pseudocapacitive materials encapsulated in conductive carbon matrix are of paramount importance to develop energy storage devices with high performance and long lifespan. Here, via simple laser-scribing, the Mn-based metal-organic framework [EG-MOF-74(Mn)] is transformed into pseudocapacitive hybrid MnO/Mn C encapsulated in highly conductive graphitic carbon. It is revealed that the rapid carbothermic reduction of MnO (C + MnO → C' + Mn C + CO) leads to the formation of the intermediate pseudocapacitive MnO/Mn C and the concurrent catalytic graphitization of disordered carbon.

Chloroplast Localized FIBRILLIN11 Is Involved in the Osmotic Stress Response during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.

Plants live in ever-changing environments, facing adverse environmental conditions including pathogen infection, herbivore attack, drought, high temperature, low temperature, nutrient deficiency, toxic metal soil contamination, high salt, and osmotic imbalance that inhibit overall plant growth and development. Plants have evolved mechanisms to cope with these stresses. In this study, we found that the () gene in Arabidopsis, which has a lipid-binding FBN domain and a kinase domain, is involved in the plant's response to abiotic stressors, including salt and osmotic stresses.

Non-Covalent Interaction-Directed Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Non-Trivial Supramolecular Topologies.

The design of molecules with non-trivial topologies is an essential step in the development of methods to mimic biological transformation in artificial systems. However, the generation of supramolecular topologies of increasing complexity, such as [n]catenanes, rotaxanes, knots and links, is relatively rare and challenging. Primarily, selective and quantitative synthesis of supramolecular topologies is a formidable challenge.

Laser Synthesis of MOF-Derived Ni@Carbon for High-Performance Pseudocapacitors.

Although nanosizing of multiphase pseudocapacitive nanomaterials could dramatically improve their electrochemical properties, a proper way to simultaneously control both the size and the phase of the pseudocapacitive materials is still elusive. Herein, we employed a commercial CO laser engraver to do the transformation of a metal-organic framework (MOF-74(Ni)) into size-controlled Ni nanoparticles (4-12 nm) in porous carbon. The produced Ni@carbon hybrid showed the best specific capacitance of 925 F/g with excellent cycling stability when the particle size is 5.

Micellization-induced amplified fluorescence response for highly sensitive detection of heparin in serum.

Fluorescence-based assays should be feasible in aqueous media for effectively detecting the biological factors. However, numerous sensors have limited signal transductions and low fluorescence quantum yields due to the ingerently reduced excited state energy of fluorophores in aqueous solution, which reduces their sensitivity. This necessitates a smart sensing approach with an amplified fluorescence response for analytes in aqueous solution.

The First Quantitative Synthesis of a Closed Three-Link Chain (6) Using Coordination and Noncovalent Interactions-Driven Self-Assembly.

Engineering of supramolecular topologies offers potential opportunities for tailoring their properties to various function and applications. However, the synthesis of interlocked or intertwined compounds, catenanes, links or knots, is a challenge. Previously, we used coordination-driven self-assembly and noncovalent interactions (NCIs) between metal-based acceptors and multipyridyl donors to create supramolecular topologies with increasing complexity.

Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Bimetallic Co/Mn-MOFs@Rice Husks, and its Carbonization for Supercapacitor Electrodes.

Novel hybrid nanomaterials comprising metal-organic framework compounds carbonised in the presence of biomass material derived from rice husk have been investigated as a new class of sustainable supercapacitor materials for electrochemical energy storage. Specifically, two synthetic routes were employed to grow Co/Mn metal-organic framework compounds in the channels of rice husks, which had been activated previously by heat treatment in air at 400 °C to produce a highly porous network. Pyrolysis of these hybrid materials under nitrogen at 700 °C for 6 h produced metal-containing phases within the nanocarbon, comprising intimate mixtures of Co, MnO and CoMnO.

Enhanced photocatalytic performance of a Ti-based metal-organic framework for hydrogen production: Hybridization with ZnCr-LDH nanosheets.

Novel hybrid composites of NH-MIL-125(Ti) and ZnCr-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (ZnCr-LDH NSs) are developed for use as visible-light-active photocatalysts for hydrogen production based on water photolysis. The hybrid composites are obtained by growing NH-MIL-125(Ti) in the presence of exfoliated ZnCr-LDH NSs using a solvothermal reaction. Hybridization of NH-MIL-125(Ti) with exfoliated ZnCr-LDH NSs leads to significant effects on the morphology and optical properties of NH-MIL-125(Ti).

Measuring national capability over big science's multidisciplinarity: A case study of nuclear fusion research.

In the era of big science, countries allocate big research and development budgets to large scientific facilities that boost collaboration and research capability. A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sustainable energy expected to solve the energy crisis in the future. Here, to explore the scientific effects of tokamaks, we map a country's research capability in nuclear fusion research with normalized revealed comparative advantage on five topical clusters-material, plasma, device, diagnostics, and simulation-detected through a dynamic topic model.

New Self-assembled Supramolecular Bowls as Potent Anticancer Agents for Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

We report herein on the design, synthesis and biological activity of Ru-based self-assembled supramolecular bowls as a potent anticancer therapeutic in human hepatocellular cancer. The potent complex induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by higher fatty acid β-oxidation and down-regulation of glucose transporter-mediated pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 via reduced hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Also, overexpressed acetyl-CoA activates the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the electron transport system and induces hypergeneration of ROS.

CuY zeolite catalysts prepared by ultrasonication-assisted ion-exchange for oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate.

The influence of ultrasonication treatment on the catalytic performance of CuY zeolite catalysts was investigated for the liquid-phase oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The deammoniation method of NHY into HY zeolites was optimized and characterized by elemental analyzer, derivative thermogravimetry, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyzer, and powder X-ray diffractometry, revealing that the HY zeolite deammoniated at 400 °C presented the highest surface area, complete ammonium/proton ion exchange, and no structure collapse, rendering it the best support from all the prepared zeolites. CuY zeolites were prepared via aqueous phase ion exchange with the aid of ultrasonication.