Operando Observation of the De-Evolution/Evolution Process of Hydrated LiOH in Moisture-Assisted Li-O Batteries.

All-solid-state Li-O batteries that use ceramic electrolytes have been suggested to overcome the limitations posed by the decomposition of organic electrolytes. However, these systems show a low discharge capacity and high overpotential because the discharge product LiO has low electronic conductivity. In this study, all-solid-state planar-type Li-O cells were constructed using a lithium anode, a LiAlTi(PO) (LATP) inorganic solid electrolyte, and an air electrode composed of a Pt grid pattern.

Membraneless Ionic Liquid Droplet Nanoprobe for Oxygen Sensing and Gas Phase Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

A novel membraneless oxygen sensing nanoprobe was developed based on a hanging drop ionic liquid electrochemical cell. An ultrasmall (<500 nm) working electrode and small volume electrochemical cell allowed for an impressively low detection limit of ∼13 ppm and a response time less than 100 ms, which is unusually fast for an electrochemical gas sensor. The oxygen sensor was stable for hours of operation and, owing to the membraneless design, was easily regenerable when fouled.

Carbon-free high-performance cathode for solid-state Li-O battery.

The development of a cathode for solid-state lithium-oxygen batteries has been hindered in practice by a low capacity and limited cycle life despite their potential for high energy density. Here, a previously unexplored strategy is proposed wherein the cathode delivers a specific capacity of 200 milliampere hour per gram over 665 discharge/charge cycles, while existing cathodes achieve only ~50 milliampere hour per gram and ~100 cycles. A highly conductive ruthenium-based composite is designed as a carbon-free cathode by first-principles calculations to avoid the degradation associated with carbonaceous materials, implying an improvement in stability during the electrochemical cycling.

High-Energy Density Li-O Battery with a Polymer Electrolyte-Coated CNT Electrode via the Layer-by-Layer Method.

Li-O batteries have attracted considerable attention for several decades due to their high theoretical energy density (>3400 Wh/kg). However, it has not been clearly demonstrated that their actual volumetric and gravimetric energy densities are higher than those of Li-ion batteries. In previous studies, a considerable quantity of electrolyte was usually employed in preparing Li-O cells.

Regiodivergent Ring-Opening Cross-Coupling of Vinyl Aziridines with Phosphorus Nucleophiles: Access to Phosphorus-Containing Amino Acid Derivatives.

Catalytic ring-opening phosphonation and phosphatation of vinyl aziridines have been developed in a regiodivergent fashion, giving linear and branched products. Generation of P-centered radicals enables S2'-type ring-opening reactions of vinyl aziridines to afford δ-amino alkylphosphorus products at room temperature. On the other hand, in situ generated phosphate anions via the Ag-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of phosphonyl reactants underwent S2 reaction to provide branched phosphorus-containing amine products.

Carrier Transport Properties of MoS Asymmetric Gas Sensor Under Charge Transfer-Based Barrier Modulation.

Over the past few years, two-dimensional materials have gained immense attention for next-generation electric sensing devices because of their unique properties. Here, we report the carrier transport properties of MoS Schottky diodes under ambient as well as gas exposure conditions. MoS field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated using Pt and Al electrodes.

Enhanced Electrochemical Stability of Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte Containing SiO2 Nanoparticles for Li-O2 Battery Applications.

A stable electrolyte is required for use in the open-packing environment of a Li-O2 battery system. Herein, a gelled quasi-solid-state electrolyte containing SiO2 nanoparticles was designed, in order to obtain a solidified electrolyte with a high discharge capacity and long cyclability. We successfully fabricated an organic-inorganic hybrid matrix with a gelled structure, which exhibited high ionic conductivity, thereby enhancing the discharge capacity of the Li-O2 battery.

Preparation of a microporous organic polymer by the thiol-yne addition reaction and formation of Au nanoparticles inside the polymer.

A microporous polymer with sulfide and thiol groups was synthesized using the thiol-yne reaction. Au nanoparticles were prepared by in situ reduction reaction inside the polymer and were found to be well dispersed. The Au-containing polymer showed catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.