Flail chest is a severe injury to the chest wall and is related to adverse outcomes. A flail chest is classified as the physiologic, paradoxical motion of a chest wall or flail segment of rib fracture (RFX). We hypothesized that patients with paradoxical chest wall movement would present different clinical features from patients with a flail segment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtensive study on 2D van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions has primarily focused on PN diodes for fast-switching photodetection, while achieving the same from 2D channel phototransistors is rare despite their other advantages. Here, a high-speed phototransistor featuring a type III junction between p-MoTe channel and n-SnS top layer is designed. The photodetecting device operates with a basis of negative photoresponse (NPR), which originates from the recombination of photoexcited electrons in n-SnS and accumulated holes in the p-MoTe channel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe direct consequences of chest trauma may cause adverse outcomes. Therefore, the early detection of high-risk patients and appropriate interventions can improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the risk factor for overall pulmonary complications in patients with blunt traumatic rib fractures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNegative-capacitance field-effect transistors (NC-FETs) have gathered enormous interest as a way to reduce subthreshold swing (SS) and overcome the issue of power dissipation in modern integrated circuits. For stable NC behavior at low operating voltages, the development of ultrathin ferroelectrics (FE), which are compatible with the industrial process, is of great interest. Here, a new scalable ultrathin ferroelectric polymer layer is developed based on trichloromethyl (CCl )-terminated poly(vinylidene difluoride-co-trifloroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) to achieve the state-of-the-art performance of NC-FETs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-dimensional (2D)-layered material tantalum disulfide (2H-TaS) is known to be a van der Waals conductor at room temperature. Here, 2D-layered TaS has been partially oxidized by utraviolet-ozone (UV-O) annealing to form a 12-nm-thin TaO on conducting TaS, so that the TaO/2H-TaS structure might be self-assembled. Utilizing the TaO/2H-TaS structure as a platform, each device of a β-GaO channel MOSFET and a TaO memristor has been successfully fabricated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to compare the combinatorial effect of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (THB) and oregano extracts (OE) with THB alone on the growth performance and elimination of deleterious effects in coccidiosis-infected broilers. A total of 210 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments, with six replicates each, for 35 days. Dietary treatments were: 1) non-challenged, non-treated (NC); 2) challenged, non-treated (PC); 3) PC+ Salinomycin (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo dope 2D semiconductor channels, charge-transfer doping has generally been done by thermal deposition of inorganic or organic thin-film layers on top of the 2D channel in bottom-gate field-effect transistors (FETs). The doping effects are reproducible in most cases. However, such thermal deposition will damage the surface of 2D channels due to the kinetic energy of depositing atoms, causing hysteresis or certain degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution has decided to gift an articular structure to vertebrates, but not to invertebrates, owing to their distinct survival strategies. An articular structure permits kinematic motion in creatures. However, it is inappropriate for creatures whose survival strategy depends on the high deformability of their body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper presents the dry etching characteristics of indium tin oxide (ITO)/Ag/ITO multilayered thin film, used as a pixel electrode in a high-resolution active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) device. Dry etching was performed using a combination of H and HCl gases in a reactive ion etching system with a remote electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source, in order to achieve high electron temperature. The effect of the gas ratio (H/HCl) was closely observed, in order to achieve an optimal etch profile and an effective etch process, while other parameters-such as the radio frequency (RF) power, ECR power, chamber pressure, and temperature-were fixed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolybdenum disulfide (MoS) has been regarded as one of the most important n-type two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors for nanoscale electron devices. Relatively high contact resistance () remains as an issue in the 2D-devices yet to be resolved. Reliable technique is very compelling to practically produce low values in device electronics, although scientific approaches have been made to obtain a record-low .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cell Rev Rep
August 2021
Massive death of cardiomyocytes is a major feature of cardiovascular diseases. Since the regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes is limited, the regulation of their death has been receiving great attention. The cell death of cardiomyocytes is a complex mechanism that has not yet been clarified, and it is known to appear in various forms such as apoptosis, necrosis, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe advent of soft robotics has led to great advancements in robots, wearables, and even manufacturing processes by employing entirely soft-bodied systems that interact safely with any random surfaces while providing great mechanical compliance. Moreover, recent developments in soft robotics involve advances in transparent soft actuators and sensors that have made it possible to construct robots that can function in a visually and mechanically unobstructed manner, assisting the operations of robots and creating more applications in various fields. In this aspect, imperceptible soft robotics that mainly consist of optically transparent imperceptible hardware components is expected to constitute a new research focus in the forthcoming era of soft robotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosens Bioelectron
November 2020
We developed a reusable magnetic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor chip for detecting various target molecules repeatedly in a conventional SPR system. Here, ferromagnetic patterns on a SPR sensor chip were utilized to trap a layer of magnetic particles, and they were utilized as a solid substrate for SPR sensing in a conventional SPR system. After a sensing experiment, the used magnetic particles were removed by external magnetic fields, and a new layer of magnetic particles was immobilized to the SPR sensor chip for additional sensing measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVery recently, stacked two-dimensional materials have been studied, focusing on the van der Waals interaction at their stack junction interface. Here, we report field effect transistors (FETs) with stacked transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) channels, where the heterojunction interface between two TMDs appears useful for nonvolatile or neuromorphic memory FETs. A few nanometer-thin WSe and MoTe flakes are vertically stacked on the gate dielectric, and bottom MoTe performs as a channel for hole transport.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem cell-based therapy is one of the most attractive approaches to ischemic heart diseases, such as myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated the cardio-protective effects of the human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) stably expressing lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1; LEF1/hUCB-MSCs) in a rat model of MI. LEF1 overexpression in hUCB-MSCs promoted cell-proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects in hypoxic conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated bioaccumulation and toxicity derived from heavy metals in laying hens. The 160 52-week old laying hens were divided into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 4 birds per pen. The treatments consisted of the control diet (without heavy metals), control diet with half the available dosage (AD, 5 ppm lead and 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we investigated the effect of methionine isomers (D- and L-methionine) on growth performance, blood metabolite levels, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and foot pad dermatitis in broilers challenged with acute heat stress. In total, 240 broilers were randomly allocated in a 2×2 factorial arrangement consisting of two dietary treatments (D- vs. L-methionine) and two thermal environmental conditions (thermo-neutral vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on sustainable and high-efficiency energy devices has recently emerged as an important global issue. These devices are now moving beyond the form of a bulk, rigid platform to a portable, flexible/stretchable format that is easily available in our daily lives. Similar to the development of an active layer for the production of next-generation energy devices, the fabrication of flexible/stretchable electrodes for the easy flow of electrons is also very important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActive control of transparency/color is the key to many functional optoelectric devices. Applying an electric field to an electrochromic or liquid crystal material is the typical approach for optical property control. In contrast to the conventional electrochromic method, we developed a new concept of smart glass using new driving mechanisms (based on mechanical stimulus and thermal energy) to control optical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransparency in electronics can provide extra functionality and esthetic impression. Transparency plays an important role in accurate soft robot control because one can directly observe target surface condition that is usually blocked by a robot's body. Nowadays, demand for soft actuators has been rapidly increasing because soft robots have attracted much attention recently.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlexible micro/nano metal grid transparent conductors emerged as an alternative to the fragile/rigid indium tin oxide electrode. They are usually fabricated by the combination of the conventional photolithography and the vacuum deposition of regular metal grid patterns, however, seriously suffer from moiré and starburst problems induced by periodic regular pattern structures. In this paper, we demonstrated flexible and imperceptible random copper microconductors with an extremely high figure-of-merit (∼2000) by the thermal conduction layer-assisted photonic sintering of copper nanoparticles without damages in the plastic substrate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer research studies using next-generation sequencing have revealed a number of genes of which aberrant expression is associated with various cancers. Recently, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been highlighted due to its tissue-specific expression and cell cancerization functions, such as the regulation of key tumor suppressors. In this study, we suggest a very efficient approach to survey lncRNAs putatively associated with breast cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study aimed to evaluate the current overall preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) in Korea and identify factors associated with preventable trauma death (PTD).
Methods: The target sample size for review was designed to be 1,131 deaths in 60 emergency medical institutions nationwide. The panels for the review comprised trauma specialists working at the regional trauma centers (RTCs); a total of 10 teams were formed.